懂事

• ピンイン: dǒng shì
• 漢字の分解: 懂 = 忄 + 董 (to understand — heart radical + oversight); 事 = 亅 + 口 + 彐 + 又 (affairs/matters)

意味

聞き分けがよい／分別がある

A high compliment in Chinese family culture, particularly when applied to children. A 懂事 child understands family hardship, behaves considerately without being told, and does not cause unnecessary trouble. In adult contexts, it implies social awareness and emotional maturity.

例文

1. 这孩子特别懂事，从不乱发脾气，还会主动帮父母做家务。
2. 她从小就很懂事，知道家里经济拮据，从不提过分的要求。
3. 懂事的员工能体谅上司的难处，在适当时候知道进退。

使い方ガイド

場面: family, education, social norms, praise

トーン: positive

正しい言い方

• 孩子越来越懂事了，知道照顾比自己年幼的弟妹，让父母省了不少心。(The child is becoming increasingly sensible, knowing to look after younger siblings and sparing the parents a great deal of worry.)
• 她虽然年纪不大，却非常懂事，对家里的情况心里有数，从不提无理要求。(Although she is young, she is very mature and understanding, fully aware of the family situation and never making unreasonable demands.)

避ける言い方

• 他很懂事地完成了任务 — use 他很尽职地完成了任务 in professional contexts; 懂事 describes emotional/social maturity, not professional competence

起源と歴史

懂 (to understand) + 事 (affairs/matters) — to understand the affairs of the world and one's social surroundings

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal