动脉

• ピンイン: dòng mài
• 漢字の分解: 动 = 云 + 力 (to move — blood moves outward in arteries); 脉 = 月 + 永 (blood vessel — flesh radical + flowing)

意味

動脈／（比喩）大動脈（主要ルート）

In medical contexts refers literally to arteries (as opposed to 静脉, veins). The figurative usage is equally common — a key highway, railway, or waterway may be called a 交通动脉 (transportation artery). Blockage in either sense is critical and urgent.

例文

1. 主动脉是人体最粗大的动脉，一旦破裂将危及生命。
2. 这条高速公路是连接南北两城的交通动脉，改造期间须做好分流安排。
3. 医生建议他定期检测动脉硬化指标，以便及早进行干预治疗。

使い方ガイド

場面: medicine, anatomy, infrastructure, transportation

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 冠状动脉堵塞是引发心肌梗死的主要原因之一，患者须尽早就医接受治疗。(Coronary artery blockage is one of the leading causes of myocardial infarction; patients must seek medical treatment as early as possible.)
• 这条铁路干线被称为区域经济发展的大动脉，其畅通运营对整个地区至关重要。(This trunk railway line is called the major artery of regional economic development, and its smooth operation is of vital importance to the entire region.)

避ける言い方

• 动脉和静脉是一样的 — 动脉 carries oxygenated blood away from the heart under high pressure; 静脉 carries deoxygenated blood back under low pressure; they are structurally and functionally distinct

起源と歴史

动 (to move/pulse) + 脉 (vessel/pulse) — the vessel through which blood pulses in motion

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal