抵消

• ピンイン: dǐ xiāo
• 漢字の分解: 抵 = 扌 + 氐 (resist); 消 = 氵 + 肖 (to dissolve/eliminate)

意味

相殺する／打ち消す

Used in physics, economics, and everyday reasoning. In economics: costs that offset gains. In policy: one measure cancelling out the effect of another. The word implies that the two sides are roughly equal in magnitude, resulting in mutual elimination.

例文

1. 补贴政策的积极效应被高企的物价所抵消，居民实际可支配收入并未增加。
2. 这两种药物的副作用可以相互抵消，联合用药反而减少了整体不良反应。
3. 他的出色演技在一定程度上抵消了剧本薄弱的缺陷，使影片获得了不少好评。

使い方ガイド

場面: economics, science, logic, everyday

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 减税政策带来的收益被新增的隐性收费所抵消，企业实际负担并未减轻。(The gains from tax reduction were offset by new hidden charges — the actual burden on businesses was not reduced.)
• 两种相互矛盾的政策目标如果没有协调，往往会在执行中相互抵消，导致政策失效。(When two contradictory policy goals are not coordinated, they often cancel each other out during implementation, causing policies to fail.)

避ける言い方

• 这抵消了那个 — too vague; use 这一优势被那项劣势所抵消; 抵消 requires clear subject and object showing what counteracts what

起源と歴史

抵 (counter) + 消 (disappear/eliminate)

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal