宇宙

• Pinyin: yǔ zhòu
• Desglose de hanzi: 宇 = 宀 + 于 (roof + phonetic — the vault of space in all directions); 宙 = 宀 + 由 (roof + phonetic — all time, from past to future)

Significado

Universo; cosmos.

Used in both scientific and philosophical contexts. In classical Chinese, 宇 referred to spatial extension in all directions and 宙 to temporal extension through all time, together constituting the totality of existence. In modern usage: 宇宙起源 (cosmological origin), 宇宙观 (worldview/cosmology), 宇宙飞船 (spacecraft). Also used metaphorically for something vast and all-encompassing.

Ejemplos

1. 现代宇宙学关注宇宙的成分、早期状态、暗物质暗能量，以及是否存在边界或平行宇宙。
2. 中国古代哲学更从气化流行和阴阳消长来理解宇宙的生成与运行。
3. 这位物理学家说，太阳系在银河系中很普通，银河系在可观测宇宙里也并不特殊。

Guía de uso

Contexto: science, philosophy, cosmology, education

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 量子力学和广义相对论在各自尺度上都极其准确，但在宇宙极端条件下却不相容。(Quantum mechanics and general relativity are both extremely accurate within their own scales, but they are incompatible under extreme conditions in the universe.)
• 从宇宙演化看，碳基生命和智慧文明只是特定条件下的局部涌现。(From the evolution of the universe, carbon-based life and intelligent civilization are only local emergent phenomena under specific conditions.)

Incorrecto

• 这家公司的宇宙很大 — 宇宙 in Chinese does not carry the English metaphorical sense of 'universe' as in 'Marvel Universe' or 'brand universe'; use 世界 (world), 体系 (system), or 生态圈 (ecosystem) for such commercial metaphors in Chinese

Origen e historia

宇 (space/canopy — 宀roof + 于 phonetic, the vault of heaven, all space) + 宙 (time — 宀roof + 由 phonetic, from past to future). Classical: space + time = the totality of existence.

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal