效应

• Pinyin: xiào yìng
• Desglose de hanzi: 效 = 交 + 攴 (cross + action — effect); 应 = 广 + 人 + 心 (shelter + person + heart — to respond/correspond)

Significado

Efecto; fenómeno (habitualmente como “efecto X”).

Used in academic, scientific, and policy contexts to name recognised phenomena, e.g. 蝴蝶效应 (butterfly effect), 温室效应 (greenhouse effect), 马太效应 (Matthew effect). 效应 implies a systematic, often predictable relationship between cause and result. It is more technical and specific than 效果 (general effect/result).

Ejemplos

1. 温室效应是导致全球气候变暖的主要原因之一，已引发国际社会的广泛关注和紧迫讨论。
2. 这位明星代言产品后，销量迅速攀升，充分证明了名人效应对消费者行为的强大影响力。
3. 经济学家指出，利率下调所产生的乘数效应将有助于刺激市场消费，拉动整体经济增长。

Guía de uso

Contexto: science, economics, social science, policy

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 研究团队详细分析了政策出台后的溢出效应，发现其对邻近地区的经济结构产生了深远的连锁影响。(The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the spillover effects following the policy's introduction, finding that it had far-reaching chain effects on the economic structures of neighbouring regions.)
• 社交媒体的回音室效应使得不同立场的人群愈发难以接触到多元化的观点和信息来源。(The echo-chamber effect of social media makes it increasingly difficult for people of differing viewpoints to encounter diverse perspectives and information sources.)

Incorrecto

• 这件事的效应不好 — for a plain 'bad result', use 效果不好 or 后果不好; 效应 refers to a named or systematic phenomenon, not a simple outcome

Origen e historia

效 (effect/result) + 应 (response/corresponding) — a systematic response or phenomenon produced by a cause

Contexto cultural

Época: Modern

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal