消沉

• Pinyin: xiāo chén
• Desglose de hanzi: 消 = 氵+ 肖 (fading/diminishing); 沉 = 氵+ 冘 (sinking in water)

Significado

Abatido; desanimado; deprimido.

Describes a sustained mood of dejection and loss of drive. Stronger than 难过 and implies a prolonged emotional slump. Common in literary and psychological contexts. Often collocates with 情绪 (mood/emotions).

Ejemplos

1. 连续几次失败的经历让他情绪消沉，一度对未来失去了信心。
2. 失业之后，他整日消沉，不愿与任何人交流。
3. 老人在老伴离世后愈发消沉，家人非常担心他的精神状态。

Guía de uso

Contexto: psychology, emotion, literature

Tono: empathetic

Correcto

• 经历重大挫折后，许多人会陷入一段消沉期，需要给予足够的时间与空间。(After a major setback, many people fall into a period of despondency and need sufficient time and space to recover.)
• 她的情绪一直很消沉，朋友们都劝她寻求专业的心理辅导。(Her spirits have been very low — friends have been encouraging her to seek professional psychological counselling.)

Incorrecto

• 这部电影很消沉 — use 压抑 or 沉重 to describe the tone of a film; 消沉 describes a person's emotional state, not external content

Origen e historia

消 (diminish/disappear) + 沉 (sink/heavy) — spirits sinking and fading away

Contexto cultural

Época: Modern

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal