侮辱

• Pinyin: wǔ rǔ
• Desglose de hanzi: 侮 = 亻+ 每 (person + every/repeatedly — to bully, treat contemptuously); 辱 = 辰 + 寸 (ripening grain + inch — to disgrace, bring shame below one's proper dignity)

Significado

Insultar; humillar; vejar.

Can be verbal or behavioural, public or private. Carries strong negative connotations. Has a legal dimension in Chinese law (侮辱罪 = criminal insult). Can be used in both concrete and abstract senses: 侮辱人格 (insult one's dignity), 侮辱国旗 (desecrate the national flag).

Ejemplos

1. 他在公开场合侮辱同事的行为严重违反了公司的职场行为准则。
2. 这篇充满偏见的报道被许多读者视为对受访群体的公然侮辱。
3. 法律明确规定，以言语或行为侮辱他人名誉者将承担相应的法律责任。

Guía de uso

Contexto: law, workplace, social criticism, ethics, interpersonal relations

Tono: negative

Correcto

• 庭审后，律师称对方多次用轻蔑和歧视性措辞侮辱当事人，已严重损害其人格尊严。(After the hearing, the lawyer said the other side had repeatedly used contemptuous and discriminatory language to insult the client, seriously damaging the client's personal dignity.)
• 征服者强迫被征服民族放弃语言和文化，以此侮辱其尊严，这种精神摧残比掠夺更伤人。(Conquerors forced conquered peoples to abandon their language and culture to insult their dignity, and this spiritual abuse was more harmful than plunder.)

Incorrecto

• 侮辱 for mere criticism, sarcasm, or blunt feedback — use 批评 or 讽刺; 侮辱 specifically denotes conduct intended or likely to degrade another's dignity and honour, going beyond mere criticism into deliberate humiliation

Origen e historia

侮 (to treat with contempt, to bully) + 辱 (to humiliate, to disgrace) — both components relate to degradation and dishonour

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal