囚犯

• Pinyin: qiú fàn
• Desglose de hanzi: 囚 = 囗 + 人 (person enclosed/imprisoned; pictographic); 犯 = 犭+ 巳 (offend/transgress)

Significado

preso; recluso; convicto

The standard formal and literary term for a prisoner. More neutral in register than 犯人 (criminal). Used in legal, literary, and journalistic contexts. 羁押囚犯 (detain a prisoner), 释放囚犯 (release a prisoner), 囚犯改造 (prisoner rehabilitation). Also used figuratively for one who feels trapped.

Ejemplos

1. 这座建于十九世纪的监狱曾关押过数以千计的政治囚犯，如今已被改建为历史博物馆。
2. 法庭判决下达后，囚犯被即刻押送至指定羁押机构，开始服刑。
3. 他在小说中以一名无辜囚犯的视角，深刻揭露了那个时代司法制度的深重弊病与黑暗。

Guía de uso

Contexto: law, history, literature, journalism

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 国际社会敦促有关当局立即释放所有良心囚犯，并切实保障其基本人权不受侵犯。(The international community urged the relevant authorities to immediately release all prisoners of conscience and effectively safeguard their basic human rights.)
• 监狱改造项目为囚犯提供职业技能培训，帮助他们在刑满释放后顺利重新融入社会。(The prison rehabilitation programme provides vocational skills training for inmates to help them successfully reintegrate into society after serving their sentences.)

Incorrecto

• 他感觉自己像个囚犯坐在办公室里 — use 感觉被束缚 or 毫无自由可言 for a figurative sense of being trapped; comparing everyday work stress directly to 囚犯 sounds insensitive and overly dramatic

Origen e historia

囚 (imprison/captive; person enclosed in a cell) + 犯 (criminal/offend) — an imprisoned criminal

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal