流氓

• Pinyin: liú máng
• Desglose de hanzi: 流 = to wander; 氓 = 亡 + 民 (displaced/lawless people)

Significado

Matón; gamberro; canalla.

Can refer to petty criminals, street thugs, or people with morally corrupt behaviour. Also used colloquially as a mild insult implying someone is unscrupulous or shameless. In internet slang it sometimes appears in light-hearted self-deprecation.

Ejemplos

1. 那伙流氓长期在市场附近强行收取保护费，居民苦不堪言。
2. 政府加大力度打击街头流氓行为，以改善社会治安。
3. 他开玩笑地说自己在追剧上简直是个流氓，一口气看了十集。

Guía de uso

Contexto: legal, social, colloquial

Tono: negative

Correcto

• 附近出现了几个流氓，警方已介入调查，提醒市民注意安全。(Several hooligans have appeared nearby; police have intervened and are advising residents to stay safe.)
• 他用开玩笑的口吻自称是个美食流氓，对各地小吃无所不知。(He jokingly called himself a food hooligan, claiming expertise on street food from every region.)

Incorrecto

• 在正式书面语中使用流氓描述严重罪犯 — 流氓 implies petty or moral wrongdoing; use 罪犯 or 歹徒 for serious criminals (In formal writing, don't use 流氓 for serious criminals — use 罪犯 or 歹徒 instead)

Origen e historia

流 (flowing/wandering) + 氓 (common folk/riffraff) — originally referring to displaced vagrants

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal