害虫

• Pinyin: hài chóng
• Desglose de hanzi: 害 = 宀(roof) + 口 (mouth) + 丰 (abundant) — harm under one's roof; 虫 = insect/creature

Significado

Plaga; organismo nocivo que daña cultivos, bienes o la salud.

Used in agriculture, public health, and environmental management. Includes insects (蚊子 mosquito, 蚜虫 aphid) and invasive species. Metaphorically applied to people regarded as harmful to society: 社会害虫 (social pest — a scoundrel).

Ejemplos

1. 农业部门指导农民合理使用农药，有效控制害虫对粮食作物造成的损害。
2. 这种入侵物种因天敌极少而迅速蔓延，已成为威胁本地生态系统的主要害虫之一。
3. 有关部门加大力度打击制假售假行为，将那些危害社会的害虫绳之以法。

Guía de uso

Contexto: agriculture, public health, environment, metaphor

Tono: negative

Correcto

• 生物防治法利用害虫的天敌来控制虫害，既有效又能减少化学农药对环境的污染。(Biological control methods use natural enemies of pests to manage infestations, which is both effective and reduces chemical pesticide pollution.)
• 仓库中的储粮遭受害虫侵袭，损失惨重，管理部门随即启动了紧急防治预案。(Stored grain in the warehouse was severely damaged by pests, resulting in heavy losses, and management immediately activated an emergency pest control plan.)

Incorrecto

• 将所有昆虫称为害虫 — 害虫 only applies to harmful species; beneficial insects like 蜜蜂 (bees) and 蚕 (silkworms) must never be called 害虫

Origen e historia

害 (harm, damage) + 虫 (insect, creature) — a creature that causes harm

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal