干旱

• Pinyin: gān hàn
• Desglose de hanzi: 干 = 一 + 十 (dry, bare); 旱 = 日 + 干 (drought — sun above dry ground)

Significado

sequía; árido

Used as both a noun (干旱来袭 — drought strikes) and an adjective (土地干旱 — arid land). Common in agriculture, meteorology, environmental science, and news reporting. Often paired with 缺水 (water shortage) and 减产 (crop failure). Distinct from 干燥, which simply describes a low-moisture state without implying disaster.

Ejemplos

1. 持续数月的严重干旱导致当地大片农作物减产，粮食供应出现明显的结构性缺口。
2. 科学家警告，全球气候变化将使部分地区的干旱频率和强度显著增加，威胁粮食安全。
3. 干旱的气候条件迫使当地农民不得不调整种植结构，逐步转向耗水量更低的经济作物。

Guía de uso

Contexto: agriculture, meteorology, environment, news

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 联合国粮食及农业组织发出预警，萨赫勒地区正面临持续加剧的干旱威胁，亟需国际援助介入。(The UN Food and Agriculture Organization issued a warning that the Sahel region is facing an intensifying drought threat, urgently requiring international aid.)
• 连续三年的干旱使这个本已脆弱的农业生态系统雪上加霜，粮食危机一触即发。(Three consecutive years of drought have compounded the damage to an already fragile agricultural ecosystem, bringing a food crisis to the verge of eruption.)

Incorrecto

• 我的嘴唇很干旱 — 干旱 describes large-scale climate or weather conditions; use 干燥 or 干裂 for describing dryness of skin, lips, or surfaces

Origen e historia

干 (dry/bare) + 旱 (drought/dry weather)

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal