副作用

• Pinyin: fù zuò yòng
• Desglose de hanzi: 副 = 畐 + 刀 (secondary, auxiliary); 作 = 亻 + 乍 (make, do, function); 用 = 甩 simplified (use, effect)

Significado

Efecto secundario; efecto adverso.

Most common in medicine: 药物副作用 (drug side effects), 化疗副作用 (chemotherapy side effects). Also used metaphorically for unintended consequences of policies, technologies, or social changes: 经济政策的副作用 (side effects of economic policy). 副作用明显 (obvious side effects) and 减轻副作用 (reduce side effects) are standard collocations.

Ejemplos

1. 这种新型抗生素疗效显著，但部分患者反映服用后出现了明显的胃肠道副作用。
2. 政府承认，这项限购政策在抑制投机的同时也产生了一些意料之外的副作用。
3. 长期过量摄入某些补充剂可能带来严重的副作用，因此必须遵医嘱使用。

Guía de uso

Contexto: medical, pharmacy, policy, technology

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 在开始新的药物治疗前，患者应详细询问医生关于潜在副作用的信息。(Before beginning a new medication treatment, patients should ask their doctor in detail about the potential side effects.)
• 互联网技术的普及在提高效率的同时，也带来了隐私泄露等难以忽视的副作用。(While the widespread adoption of internet technology has improved efficiency, it has also brought hard-to-ignore side effects such as privacy breaches.)

Incorrecto

• 副作用很好 — 副作用 is inherently negative or at least unintended; use 附带好处 or 意外收获 when a secondary effect is positive

Origen e historia

副 (secondary/deputy) + 作用 (effect/function)

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal