参照

• Pinyin: cān zhào
• Desglose de hanzi: 参 = 厶 + 大 + 彡; 照 = 日 (sun) + 刀 (knife) + 口 (mouth) + 灬 (fire) — complex character meaning to illuminate or follow as a light source

Significado

atenerse a; basarse en; conforme a (como referencia)

More formal and prescriptive than 参考 (to consult/refer to). 参照 implies closer adherence to a standard — often translating as 'in accordance with,' 'based on,' or 'following.' Frequently appears in legal language (参照相关法规), official regulations, technical specifications, and formal instructions. Not used for casual information-browsing.

Ejemplos

1. 本条例参照国际通行惯例制定，并结合本国实际情况作了相应调整。
2. 设计团队参照客户提供的样品，历时三周完成了最终版本的整体方案。
3. 新员工入职培训须参照总部发布的标准流程执行，不得擅自更改。

Guía de uso

Contexto: legal, academic, official, business

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 新规定参照现行法律条文拟定，具有同等法律效力。(The new regulations were drafted in accordance with existing legal provisions and carry equivalent legal force.)
• 参照上季度的执行数据，我们对预算分配进行了优化调整。(We optimized budget allocations based on last quarter's performance data.)

Incorrecto

• 我参照了一下朋友的菜单点了菜。(参照 implies formal reference to standards — for casual copying or glancing at something, use 看了看 or 照着 instead)

Origen e historia

参 (to consult) + 照 (to illuminate/follow; 照 = 日 sun + 刀 + 口 + 灬 fire, meaning to illuminate or act in accordance with). Literally 'consult in the light of,' implying close reference to a standard.

Contexto cultural

Generación: Professional/academic

Contexto social: Educated