内需

• Pinyin: nèi xū
• Hanzi breakdown: 内 = 冂 + 人 — inside/internal; 需 = 雨(rain) + 而(whiskers, phonetic here) — to need/require, as rain is needed

Meaning

Domestic demand; internal consumption; the aggregate demand for goods and services generated within a country's own economy.

An economics term referring to demand from a country's own population and businesses, as opposed to export-driven growth. Frequently discussed in Chinese economic policy, particularly the strategic shift from export-led to consumption-driven growth.

Examples

1. 政府出台了一系列刺激内需的政策，旨在推动消费增长，减少对出口的过度依赖。 The government introduced a series of policies to stimulate domestic demand, aiming to boost consumption and reduce excessive reliance on exports.
2. 在全球贸易环境持续收紧的背景下，扩大内需已成为中国经济转型的核心战略之一。 Against the backdrop of a tightening global trade environment, expanding domestic demand has become one of the core strategies in China’s economic transformation.
3. 提高居民收入水平是拉动内需的根本途径，因为只有钱包鼓了，消费意愿才会真正上升。 Raising household incomes is the fundamental way to drive domestic demand, because spending only truly increases when people’s wallets get fuller.

Usage Guide

Context: economics, government policy, news, business analysis

Tone: neutral/analytical

Do Say

• 在外部需求疲软的情况下，提振内需成为维持经济稳定增长的关键抓手，政策制定者对此给予了高度重视。(With external demand weakening, stimulating domestic demand has become a key lever for maintaining stable economic growth, and policymakers have given it great attention.)
• 消费信心的恢复与内需的扩大密切相关，因此改善就业预期和增加居民可支配收入至关重要。(The recovery of consumer confidence is closely tied to the expansion of domestic demand; therefore improving employment expectations and increasing household disposable income is crucial.)

Don't Say

• 将'内需'用于非经济语境 — 内需 is an economics/policy term; for general 'internal needs', use 内部需求 or 自身需求

Origin & History

内(internal/domestic) + 需(need/demand). Together: internal/domestic demand.

Cultural Context

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal