隐性

• 拼音: yǐn xìng
• 汉字拆解: 隐 = 阜 + hidden element (latent, concealed); 性 = 心 + 生 (heart + life — innate nature, property)

含义

Recessive; latent; hidden in nature. Describes something whose properties or effects are not immediately apparent or expressed.

Primary use in genetics (隐性基因 — recessive gene; 隐性遗传 — recessive inheritance, contrasting with 显性 dominant). Extended to economics (隐性收入 — undisclosed income), education (隐性课程 — hidden curriculum), and social analysis (隐性歧视 — covert discrimination). A technical term with broad metaphorical extension.

例句

1. 遗传咨询师解释说，这对夫妇的孩子表型正常，但已确认为镰刀型细胞贫血症的隐性携带者。
2. 经济学家指出，官方城镇收入常被低估，因为很多隐性收入、实物福利和自有住房虚拟租金没被算入。
3. 研究表明，学校的隐性课程影响不亚于正式课程，它通过日常规范、奖惩和空间分配传递权威与竞争观念。

用法指南

语境: genetics, economics, education, social analysis

语气: neutral

正确说法

• 这种基因突变以隐性方式遗传，只有父母双方都传来突变基因时，症状才会表现出来。(This gene mutation is inherited recessively, and symptoms appear only when both parents pass on the mutant gene.)
• 批评者认为，某些看似中性的招聘标准其实是隐性的性别歧视，会让承担主要照护责任的女性处于劣势。(Critics argue that some seemingly neutral hiring standards are actually hidden gender discrimination, putting women who bear most caregiving duties at a disadvantage.)

错误说法

• 他的笑容是隐性的 — 隐性 is a technical adjective denoting a latent or recessive property; it cannot be used for ordinary concealment of emotions; use 含蓄 for a restrained smile or 勉强 for a forced one; reserve 隐性 for scientific, economic, or social structural contexts

起源与历史

隐 (latent/concealed — 阜 mound + hidden; not visible on the surface) + 性 (nature/property — 心 heart + 生 life; the innate nature or property of something); together: 'concealed nature/property'

文化背景

时代: Modern

世代: All ages

社会背景: Educated/professional