未

• 拼音: wèi
• 汉字拆解: 未 = 木 + 一 (tree with a branch — growth not yet complete, hence 'not yet')

含义

Not yet; have not. A formal or literary negative adverb indicating that an action or state has not yet occurred or been completed.

More formal and literary than 没有 or 还没. Common in written Chinese, legal documents, official notices, and classical texts. Frequently appears in compounds such as 未来 (future), 未知 (unknown), 未必 (not necessarily), and 未曾 (never have).

例句

1. 此事尚未得到官方证实。
2. 调查结果未经公布，请勿传播。
3. 合同未签，任何口头承诺均不具备法律效力。

用法指南

语境: written, legal, official

语气: neutral

正确说法

• 本方案未经审批，不得擅自实施。(This plan may not be implemented without authorization, as it has not yet been approved.)
• 截止目前，伤亡人数尚未得到精确统计。(As of now, the casualty figures have not yet been accurately tallied.)

错误说法

• 我未去过那里 — in spoken Chinese, use 没去过 or 还没去过; 未 used alone as a verbal negator sounds literary and unnatural in casual everyday speech

起源与历史

甲骨文 character 未 — a tree with branches spreading at the top, symbolizing 'not yet fully grown'

文化背景

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal