举一反三

• 拼音: jǔ yī fǎn sān
• 汉字拆解: 举 = 兴 (raise/present); 一 = one; 反 = 又 (turn/reverse/infer); 三 = three

含义

To draw inferences; to learn from one example and apply the principle broadly. The ability to extrapolate and generalise from a single instance to many others.

A chengyu originating from The Analects of Confucius, where Confucius said he would not continue teaching a student who could not举一反三. Used to praise intellectual versatility and the capacity for analogical reasoning.

例句

1. 优秀的学生能够举一反三，将所学知识灵活运用于各种不同场合。
2. 老师鼓励学生不要死记硬背，而要真正理解规律，做到举一反三。
3. 他悟性极高，总能从一个具体案例中举一反三，归纳出背后的普遍规律。

用法指南

语境: education, learning, intellectual ability

语气: approving

正确说法

• 学语言最关键的是掌握内在规律，做到举一反三，而非逐条机械背诵语法。(The key to learning a language is to grasp underlying rules and apply them broadly, rather than mechanically memorising grammar point by point.)
• 他读完这本书后举一反三，撰写了一篇见解深刻的读书报告。(After reading this book, he drew broad inferences from it and wrote a deeply insightful reading report.)

错误说法

• 我举一反三了这道题 — 举一反三 is not used transitively with a direct object; say 他举一反三，解出了相关的几道题目 or 他能对这类题目举一反三

起源与历史

From The Analects of Confucius: 举一隅不以三隅反，则不复也 — raise one corner, and if the student cannot respond with the other three, do not teach further

文化背景

时代: 春秋时期至今

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal