谣言

• 병음: yáo yán
• 한자 분석: 谣 = 讠(speech) + 䍃 (phonetic — a vessel being shaken; unsteady, unverified); 言 = 辛 (sharp instrument) + 口 (mouth — originally a sworn statement, later simply speech)

뜻

유언비어(거짓 소문)

Distinct from 流言 (gossip, generally less harmful) in that 谣言 specifically implies falsehood and potential social harm. Common expressions: 散布谣言 (to spread rumours), 辟谣 (to refute a rumour; to clarify misinformation), 谣言止于智者 (rumours stop with wise people — a proverb), 网络谣言 (online rumours). Highly relevant in the era of social media.

예문

1. 疫情初期，社交媒体上出现了大量关于病毒来源和传播途径的谣言，卫生部门不得不多次发布官方声明予以辟谣。
2. 他的公司遭遇了一场精心策划的商业诋毁，大量关于产品质量的谣言在竞争对手的暗中操控下迅速蔓延扩散。
3. 古语有云，谣言止于智者，面对网络上铺天盖地的不实信息，保持理性分辨、不轻易转发是每个负责任的公民应有的态度。

사용 가이드

맥락: media, society, politics, crisis communication

어조: negative

올바른 표현

• 在信息高度碎片化的社交媒体时代，谣言的传播速度往往远远超过辟谣的速度，这给政府的危机公关和公众的信息甄别能力都带来了极大的挑战。(In the era of highly fragmented social media, rumours tend to spread far faster than clarifications can catch up — this poses enormous challenges both to government crisis communication and to the public's ability to discern reliable information.)
• 该企业股价异常波动后，官方立即召开新闻发布会，就市场上流传的关于重大财务损失的谣言逐一进行了澄清和辟谣。(After abnormal fluctuations in the company's share price, officials immediately held a press conference to address and refute, one by one, the rumours circulating in the market about significant financial losses.)

피해야 할 표현

• 他在散布谣言关于我 — the natural word order in Chinese is 他在散布关于我的谣言; modifier clauses with 关于 must precede the noun they modify; placing 关于 after the verb object breaks standard syntax

기원과 역사

谣 = 讠(speech radical) + 䍃 (originally depicting a container being shaken — unsteady, unstable speech; hence an unfounded or shaky claim) + 言 (speech/words)

문화적 배경

시대: Classical/Modern

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal