排斥

• 병음: pái chì
• 한자 분석: 排 = 扌 (hand radical) + 非 (not/negative) — to push away with the hand; 斥 = 斤 (axe/weight) + 丨 (vertical stroke) — to drive away forcefully

뜻

배척하다; 배제하다; 반발하다

Used in physics (同性电荷相互排斥 — like charges repel), psychology (心理排斥 — psychological rejection), and social dynamics (被群体排斥 — excluded by the group). Implies an active force pushing away. Distinct from passive 拒绝 (to refuse).

예문

1. 新来的员工一度被团队中的老成员所排斥，无法融入日常工作氛围，令他感到十分沮丧。
2. 物理学中，同种电荷之间相互排斥，异种电荷之间相互吸引，这一规律是电磁学的基本原理之一。
3. 她对一切新鲜事物都持开放态度，从不排斥尝试未知的领域，这种心态使她在职业生涯中取得了丰厚的成果。

사용 가이드

맥락: social dynamics, psychology, physics, workplace

어조: negative

올바른 표현

• 校园欺凌中最常见的形式之一是社交排斥，被刻意孤立和排斥在同伴群体之外的孩子往往比遭受身体攻击的孩子承受更为持久的心理创伤。(One of the most common forms of school bullying is social exclusion — children who are deliberately isolated and excluded from their peer group often suffer more lasting psychological trauma than those subjected to physical aggression.)
• 过度排斥外来文化的影响，有时反而会阻碍本民族文化的创新与发展，历史上许多文明的衰落都与其封闭性和排外性密切相关。(Excessive rejection of external cultural influence sometimes actually hinders the innovation and development of one's own culture — the decline of many civilisations throughout history has been closely linked to their insularity and exclusivity.)

피해야 할 표현

• 将'排斥'与'拒绝'互换使用，如'我排斥他的邀请' — 排斥 implies an active force or deep-seated aversion, not just declining a specific request; for simply saying no, use 拒绝; for strong personal aversion, 排斥 is appropriate

기원과 역사

排 = 扌 (hand) + 非 (not/wrong) — a hand pushing away what is 'not right'; 斥 = 斤 (axe) + 丨 (upright stroke) — to reprimand and drive away

문화적 배경

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal