牡丹

• 병음: mǔ dan
• 한자 분석: 牡 = 牛(cattle) + 土(earth) — vigorous/male; 丹 = a circle with inner dot — cinnabar/red

뜻

모란(작약과 꽃)

Deeply embedded in Chinese culture as the 'king of flowers' (花王). Associated with prosperity, good fortune, and feminine beauty. Luoyang in Henan Province is famous for its annual peony festivals. Appears extensively in Chinese art, poetry, porcelain, and embroidery.

예문

1. 洛阳牡丹甲天下，每年春季都会吸引数百万游客专程前来观赏。
2. 这幅工笔画以盛开的牡丹为主题，用色艳丽夺目，富贵逼人。
3. 她的旗袍上绣着精美的牡丹图案，在宴会上格外引人注目。

사용 가이드

맥락: culture, art, nature, literature

어조: appreciative/cultural

올바른 표현

• 牡丹是中国的国花，历来象征着繁荣富贵与吉祥如意。(The peony is China's national flower, traditionally symbolising prosperity, wealth, and good fortune.)
• 她在庭院里种了几株牡丹，每到春天都会开出硕大而绚烂的花朵。(She planted several peonies in the courtyard, which bloom into enormous and splendid flowers every spring.)

피해야 할 표현

• 把牡丹与芍药混为一谈 (牡丹 is the tree peony, a woody shrub, distinct from 芍药 which is herbaceous — they differ in plant structure and cultural associations)

기원과 역사

Ancient Chinese name. 牡 = male/vigorous; 丹 = red/cinnabar. Cultivated in China for over 1,500 years; prized in Tang Dynasty imperial gardens.

문화적 배경

시대: Tang Dynasty and beyond

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal