Addition & Emphasis

Introduction

Building complex sentences means adding layers of information. These patterns let you pile on additional points, emphasise what matters, and structure your arguments.

Common in both spoken debate and written composition.

Themes

All Japanese Grammar Intermediate in This Chapter (12)

1. その上 そのうえ A conjunction meaning 'moreover' or 'on top of that,' used to introduce an additional emphatic statement that reinforces or strengthens t...
2. ～上（に） うえに A conjunction meaning 'in addition to' or 'on top of,' used to introduce a further statement that adds emphasis to what has already been ...
3. しかも しかも A conjunction meaning 'moreover' or 'what's more,' used to provide additional important information that strengthens or adds surprise to ...
4. それに それに A conjunction meaning 'besides' or 'in addition,' used to introduce an additional item or statement that supplements the preceding one.
5. それと それと A casual conjunction meaning 'and also' or 'and,' used to introduce an additional item or statement, especially when listing or adding th...
6. それも それも A conjunction meaning 'and what's more' or 'at that,' used to add more specific or striking information to elaborate on the preceding sta...
7. それどころか それどころか A conjunction meaning 'far from it' or 'on the contrary,' used to indicate that the actual level or degree of a fact or situation is much...
8. ～さえ さえ An emphatic particle meaning 'even,' used to highlight an extreme or unexpected example to emphasize a broader point in non-conditional c...
9. ～こそ こそ An emphatic particle that strongly emphasizes a specific word, phrase, or clause, conveying the idea of 'precisely,' 'exactly,' or 'it is...
10. ～は（強調） は A particle used to emphatically affirm or negate a proposition, often conveying 'at least' or 'indeed' to stress a particular aspect of a...
11. ～も（強調） も A particle meaning 'also,' 'too,' or 'even,' used to imply that something else is also or also not the case, extending a statement to inc...
12. ～だけで だけで A phrase meaning 'just by' or 'simply by doing,' expressing that merely performing one action is sufficient to produce a result or effect.