缺席

• ピンイン: quē xí
• 漢字の分解: 缺 = 缶 + 夬 (jar with a missing piece — absent); 席 = 巾 + 庶 (mat — one's designated place)

意味

欠席する（不参加）

Used in formal contexts for court hearings (缺席审判 — trial in absentia), academic settings, and official meetings. More formal than 不在. 无故缺席 (absent without reason) carries a negative implication of negligence or disrespect.

例文

1. 被告在庭审当天无故缺席，法院依法对其进行了缺席审判。
2. 他因突发疾病缺席了此次重要的国际学术会议，深感遗憾。
3. 连续缺席三次课程的学生将被取消该课程的期末考试资格。

使い方ガイド

場面: legal, academic, meetings, official proceedings

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 该国代表以抗议形式缺席了本届联合国人权理事会的审议会议。(The country's representative absented themselves from the current UN Human Rights Council review meeting as a form of protest.)
• 主席在宣布会议开始前，先确认了哪些成员单位无故缺席并要求书面说明原因。(Before declaring the meeting open, the chairperson first confirmed which member units were absent without reason and requested written explanations.)

避ける言い方

• 他缺席了昨天的聚会 — this is grammatically correct but 缺席 sounds overly formal for casual social gatherings; use 他没来参加昨天的聚会 in informal contexts

起源と歴史

缺 (absent/missing) + 席 (seat/place) — the seat is empty; one's place is unfilled

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal