监察

• ピンイン: jiān chá
• 漢字の分解: 监 = 臣 + 皿 (an official eye watching over a vessel — oversight from above); 察 = 宀 + 祭 (under a roof, performing a careful ritual examination)

意味

監察する（監督し調査する）

A formal legal and administrative term referring to institutional oversight and anti-corruption supervision. In China, 监察 is closely associated with the National Supervisory Commission, which oversees public servants and party members. Broader and more powerful in scope than 监督 (general supervision) or 监控 (technical monitoring).

例文

1. 国家监察委员会对政府官员的行为进行独立监察。
2. 监察部门发现了该项目存在严重的违规操作。
3. 完善监察机制是防范腐败的重要制度保障。

使い方ガイド

場面: government, law, anti-corruption, public administration, institutional oversight

トーン: official

正しい言い方

• 建立独立权威的监察体系，是防止权力滥用、保障公民权益的关键制度。(Building an independent, authoritative oversight system is a key measure for preventing abuse of power and protecting citizens' rights.)
• 省纪检监察机关专项监察后，查处了十余名违规发包、虚报工程量的责任人。(After a special inspection by the provincial discipline inspection and supervision authorities, more than ten people responsible for illegal contracting and falsifying project quantities were investigated and punished.)

避ける言い方

• 监察 is a formal, institutional term — do not use it in casual speech or for informal monitoring. Unlike 监控 (technical surveillance), 监察 implies institutional authority and legal investigation. Do not confuse with 监督 (general oversight/supervision), which lacks the investigative power of 监察.

起源と歴史

监 (to supervise; to inspect — 臣 official + 皿 vessel, overseeing from above) + 察 (to investigate carefully — 宀 roof + 祭 ritual — careful examination beneath a roof)

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal