过错

• ピンイン: guò cuò
• 漢字の分解: 过 = 辶 + 咼 — to go past a boundary, transgress; 错 = 金 (metal) + 昔 (past) — metal gone past its proper use, hence a mistake

意味

過失／落ち度

More formal and serious than 错误, often implying moral or legal accountability. Used in legal proceedings, ethical discussions, and solemn interpersonal apologies. Collocates with 承担 (bear responsibility), 追究 (investigate accountability), and 弥补 (make amends).

例文

1. 法院最终认定，此次事故的主要过错在于施工方违规操作。
2. 他勇于承认自己的过错，并主动向受害方作出了赔偿。
3. 这件事不能全归咎于他，双方都有一定的过错。

使い方ガイド

場面: law, ethics, accountability, apology

トーン: serious

正しい言い方

• 作为项目负责人，他应当为此次事故承担相应的过错责任。(As the project head, he should bear the corresponding liability for fault in this accident.)
• 双方协商后达成共识，各自承认过错并握手言和。(After negotiation, both parties reached a consensus, each acknowledging their fault and reconciling.)

避ける言い方

• 这只是个小过错而已 — 过错 carries connotations of serious wrongdoing; for minor slip-ups say 小失误 or 小错误

起源と歴史

过 (to transgress, to pass a boundary) + 错 (mistake, wrong)

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal