机密

• Pinyin: jī mì
• Desglose de hanzi: 机 = 木 + 几 (wood + small frame, originally a loom's key mechanism — also 机要, the secret workings of power); 密 = 宓 + 山 (sealed/quiet + mountain, something hidden and sealed away, secret)

Significado

Clasificado; secreto; altamente confidencial.

机密 is a formal, serious term for classified or highly confidential information. In Chinese classification systems, documents are graded: 绝密 (top secret) > 机密 (secret) > 秘密 (confidential). Common phrases: 国家机密 (state secrets), 泄露机密 (to leak classified information), 机密文件 (classified document), 商业机密 (trade secret), 军事机密 (military secret). Leaking 机密 can carry severe criminal penalties.

Ejemplos

1. 涉密人员在离开保密工作岗位后，依法须在规定年限内继续履行保密义务，不得以任何方式透露或泄露在职期间所接触到的国家机密。
2. 间谍案件的庭审通常不对外公开，以防止审判过程中涉及的机密信息通过媒体报道渠道扩散，从而损害国家安全利益。
3. 企业竞争日趋激烈，商业机密的保护已成为知识产权管理的重要组成部分，许多公司专门制定了严格的信息安全制度以防范内部泄密风险。

Guía de uso

Contexto: government, military, law, business, security

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 保护国家机密是国家安全工作的核心，涉密人员必须严格审查、培训并签署保密承诺。(Protecting state secrets is central to national security work, and anyone in a classified post must undergo strict screening, training, and a confidentiality pledge.)
• 数字办公普及后，商业机密泄露风险上升，企业需用加密、权限控制和监测构建防线。(As digital office work spreads, the risk of leaking commercial secrets rises, so companies must build defenses with encryption, access control, and monitoring.)

Incorrecto

• 机密 for personal privacy or general private matters — use 隐私 for personal privacy or 私密 for personal/intimate matters; 机密 specifically refers to classified or highly sensitive information with official or institutional significance

Origen e historia

机 (key mechanism/critical/secret) + 密 (secret/dense/close) — 机 in classical Chinese could mean 'pivot/mechanism' or 'secret workings'; 密 means secret, tight, and close; together: the critical secret workings of state or organisation

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal