艰巨

• Pinyin: jiān jù
• Desglose de hanzi: 艰 = 艮 + 又 (unyielding resistance + effort — that which resists all attempts); 巨 = 工 + 凵 (giant ruler framing enormous scale)

Significado

Arduo y formidable; extremadamente difícil y exigente (de gran envergadura).

Primarily used in formal and literary contexts to characterise tasks or responsibilities that are both difficult in nature and enormous in scope. Common collocations include 艰巨的任务 (arduous task), 艰巨的使命 (formidable mission), 艰巨的挑战 (monumental challenge). Carries a tone of gravity, often implying collective rather than individual effort.

Ejemplos

1. 灾后重建工作任务艰巨，需要全社会的共同努力。
2. 这项工程规模宏大，完成它的难度极为艰巨。
3. 面对如此艰巨的挑战，团队成员没有一个人退缩。

Guía de uso

Contexto: political discourse, project management, journalism, official reports, speeches

Tono: solemn

Correcto

• 推进这项跨越数十年的基建计划是一项艰巨工程，既要资金技术，也要代代接力。(Advancing this decades-long infrastructure plan is a formidable project that requires both funding and technology, as well as effort passed from one generation to the next.)
• 在这场与自然灾害的艰巨斗争中，救援队员们以惊人的意志力连续奋战七十二小时，用血肉之躯在废墟中为被困者开辟出一条生命通道。(In this arduous struggle against the natural disaster, rescue team members fought continuously for seventy-two hours with remarkable willpower, using their flesh and blood to open a lifeline through the rubble for those trapped.)

Incorrecto

• 艰巨 implies both extreme difficulty AND enormous scale — do not use it for tasks that are merely difficult but small in scope. For purely difficult tasks use 艰难 or 困难; for enormous tasks use 繁重 or 巨大. 艰巨 is almost always formal — avoid in casual speech.

Origen e historia

艰 (difficult; hard — 艮 stubborn hardness + 又 hand — resisting all efforts) + 巨 (enormous; gigantic — 工 ruler + large frame)

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal