货物

• Pinyin: huò wù
• Desglose de hanzi: 货 = 化 + 贝 (transform/exchange + cowrie shell/valuables, goods for exchange); 物 = 牛 + 勿 (ox + prohibition, originally livestock as property, extended to all tangible things/objects)

Significado

Mercancías; bienes; carga.

货物 is a broad and formal term for any tangible goods involved in commercial transactions or transportation. Common compounds: 货物运输 (goods transport), 危险货物 (hazardous goods), 进出口货物 (import/export goods), 货物清单 (cargo manifest/inventory list), 货物检验 (goods inspection). In customs and logistics contexts, 货物 is the standard official term. It is more formal than 东西 or 商品.

Ejemplos

1. 海关人员对抵港船只上的全部货物进行了逐一清查与核验，发现其中一批申报价值严重低报的进口货物，遂依法对相关人员展开立案调查。
2. 此次洪灾导致多条运输干线中断，大量货物积压在仓库和港口无法及时转运，对整个供应链的正常运转造成了严重冲击。
3. 为确保易腐货物在长途运输过程中保持适宜的储存温度，物流公司专门配备了符合国际标准的全程冷链运输体系。

Guía de uso

Contexto: trade, customs, logistics, commerce, shipping

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 国际贸易中，出口商发货前必须按合同准备货物，并提交准确清单，以便顺利清关和按时交付。(In international trade, exporters must prepare the goods according to the contract before shipment and submit an accurate list so customs clearance goes smoothly and delivery is on time.)
• 全球供应链日益精细，企业借助射频识别和区块链追踪货物全生命周期。(As global supply chains become more refined, businesses use RFID and blockchain to track the full lifecycle of goods.)

Incorrecto

• 货物 for intangible products or services — use 产品 for products broadly or 服务 for services; 货物 specifically refers to physical, tangible goods that can be transported or stored

Origen e historia

货 (goods/merchandise) + 物 (things/objects) — both characters refer to physical items of value; the compound is a reinforcing combination emphasising the tangible, tradeable nature of the items

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal