断裂

• Pinyin: duàn liè
• Desglose de hanzi: 断 = 斤 (axe) + 纟(thread) — severing through; 裂 = 歹 (crack/bad) + 刀 (knife) — splitting open

Significado

Fracturarse; romperse; desgarrarse por completo; (fig.) ruptura.

Applied across scientific, social, and cultural domains: 骨骼断裂 (bone fracture), 断裂带 (fault zone in geology), 文化断裂 (cultural rupture). More severe than 断开 (to disconnect) — implies structural failure or total separation. The metaphorical sense is common in social analysis and literary criticism.

Ejemplos

1. 地质勘探显示，该区域地下存在一条活跃的断裂带，有潜在地震风险。
2. 高强度拉伸导致钢缆突然断裂，施工吊篮坠落，造成严重事故。
3. 战乱导致当地历史文化的传承出现严重断裂，许多传统技艺从此失传。

Guía de uso

Contexto: geology, engineering, cultural analysis

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 材料力学实验表明，这种合金在低温环境下极易发生脆性断裂，不适合用于寒冷地区的结构件。(Materials mechanics experiments show that this alloy is highly prone to brittle fracture in low-temperature environments and is unsuitable for structural components in cold regions.)
• 历史学家指出，外来入侵往往会造成本土文化传统的断裂，使后人难以追溯民族记忆。(Historians point out that foreign invasions often cause ruptures in indigenous cultural traditions, making it difficult for later generations to trace national memory.)

Incorrecto

• 他们的友谊断裂了 — for interpersonal relationship breakdowns prefer 破裂 or 决裂; 断裂 is primarily for physical structural failure or high-level continuity breaks; say 他们的友谊破裂了

Origen e historia

断 (break/cut off) + 裂 (split/crack)

Contexto cultural

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal