功率

• Pinyin: gōng lǜ
• Hanzi breakdown: 功 = work (physics); 率 = 幺 + 十 + 幺 — rate, ratio

Meaning

Power (physics). The rate at which work is done or energy is transferred, measured in watts (W).

A fundamental physics and engineering term: P = W/t (power equals work divided by time). Central in electrical engineering (额定功率 = rated power), engine design (发动机功率 = engine power), and appliance specifications. LED lighting, motors, and electronic devices are all described in terms of 功率.

Examples

1. 这台发动机的额定功率为两百千瓦，能够满足重型车辆的动力需求。 This engine is rated at 200 kilowatts, enough to meet the power demands of heavy-duty vehicles.
2. LED灯泡的功率远低于传统白炽灯，但亮度毫不逊色。 LED bulbs use far less power than traditional incandescent bulbs, but they’re just as bright.
3. 在物理学中，功率等于在单位时间内所完成的功。 In physics, power equals the work done per unit time.

Usage Guide

Context: physics, engineering, technology, electronics

Tone: neutral

Do Say

• 请问这台空调的额定功率是多少瓦？(What is the rated power of this air conditioner in watts?)
• 提高电动机的功率可以显著缩短零部件的加工时间。(Increasing the electric motor's power can significantly reduce parts processing time.)

Don't Say

• 将'功率'用于非技术语境中表达'效率'或'能力' — use 效率 for efficiency and 能力 for capability; 功率 is a precise technical term for the rate of energy transfer

Origin & History

功 (work, physics) + 率 (rate; ratio)

Cultural Context

Generation: All ages

Social background: Science and engineering students