understatement
含义: The presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is, often for ironic or humorous effect.
Understatement is a hallmark of British communication style and humour. Saying 'it's a bit chilly' during a blizzard, or 'not bad' when something is excellent, are classic examples. In rhetoric, understatement (also known as litotes when expressed through double negatives, e.g., 'not uncommon') can be more powerful than direct assertion. It is the opposite of hyperbole and is a key concept in literary analysis.
例句
- Describing the Great Fire of London as 'a spot of bother' would be a quintessentially British understatement. 把伦敦大火形容为'a spot of bother(一点小麻烦)',堪称典型的英式轻描淡写。Describir el Gran Incendio de Londres como «a spot of bother» sería una atenuación quintaesencialmente británica.ロンドン大火を「a spot of bother(ちょっとした困りごと)」と表現するのは、いかにもイギリス的な控えめな表現でしょう。런던 대화재를 'a spot of bother(약간의 곤란)'라고 표현하는 것은 전형적인 영국식 절제 표현이라 할 수 있습니다.
- The pilot's calm understatement — 'we have a slight problem' — belied the seriousness of the engine failure. 飞行员冷静的轻描淡写——'we have a slight problem(我们有个小问题)'——掩盖了发动机故障的严重性。La serena atenuación del piloto —«we have a slight problem»— disimulaba la gravedad de la avería del motor.パイロットの冷静な控えめ表現「we have a slight problem(ちょっとした問題があります)」は、エンジン故障の深刻さを覆い隠していました。조종사의 침착한 절제 표현 'we have a slight problem(약간의 문제가 있습니다)'은 엔진 고장의 심각성을 감추고 있었습니다.
- Understatement is a rhetorical technique that can convey modesty, irony, or dry humour depending on the context. 轻描淡写是一种修辞技巧,根据语境的不同,可以传达谦虚、讽刺或冷幽默。La atenuación es una técnica retórica que puede transmitir modestia, ironía o humor seco según el contexto.控えめな表現は、文脈に応じて謙虚さ、皮肉、または辛口のユーモアを伝えることのできる修辞技法です。절제 표현은 문맥에 따라 겸손함, 아이러니, 또는 건조한 유머를 전달할 수 있는 수사 기법입니다.
发音
用法指南
语境: academic, media
语气: neutral
起源与历史
A compound of 'under' and 'statement,' formed in English in the early 19th century. The rhetorical concept dates back to classical Greek rhetoric, where it was known as meiosis.
文化背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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