substrate
含义: An underlying substance or layer on which something acts or is deposited. In biochemistry, the molecule upon which an enzyme acts; in electronics, the base material onto which circuits are fabricated.
The meaning of substrate shifts significantly between disciplines. In biochemistry, it is the specific molecule that fits into an enzyme's active site and undergoes chemical transformation. In materials science and semiconductor manufacturing, it refers to a wafer of silicon or other material that serves as a foundation for thin-film deposition. In ecology, substrate denotes the surface or medium on which an organism lives or grows, such as rock, soil, or coral. The term collocates with 'enzyme,' 'silicon,' 'binding,' and 'concentration.'
例句
- The enzyme lactase binds to lactose as its substrate and breaks it down into glucose and galactose. 乳糖酶与其底物乳糖结合,将其分解为葡萄糖和半乳糖。La enzima lactasa se une a la lactosa como su sustrato y la descompone en glucosa y galactosa.ラクターゼ酵素はその基質であるラクトース(乳糖)に結合し、グルコースとガラクトースに分解します。락타아제 효소는 기질인 유당(락토오스)에 결합하여 이를 포도당과 갈락토오스로 분해한다.
- The semiconductor fabrication plant imports ultra-pure silicon substrates from specialist suppliers in Germany and Japan. 该半导体制造厂从德国和日本的专业供应商进口超纯硅基板。La planta de fabricación de semiconductores importa sustratos de silicio de pureza ultraelevada de proveedores especializados de Alemania y Japón.その半導体製造工場はドイツと日本の専門メーカーから超高純度のシリコン基板を輸入している。그 반도체 제조 공장은 독일과 일본의 전문 공급업체로부터 초고순도 실리콘 기판을 수입하고 있다.
- Marine biologists studied how different substrate types affected the settlement patterns of barnacle larvae. 海洋生物学家研究了不同类型的基质如何影响藤壶幼虫的附着模式。Los biólogos marinos estudiaron cómo los distintos tipos de sustrato afectaban a los patrones de asentamiento de las larvas de percebes.海洋生物学者たちは、基質の種類の違いがフジツボの幼生の定着パターンにどう影響するかを研究した。해양생물학자들은 기질 유형의 차이가 따개비 유충의 정착 패턴에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 연구했다.
发音
用法指南
语境: academic, professional
语气: neutral
起源与历史
From Latin substratum (something spread underneath), neuter past participle of substernere (to spread under), from sub- (under) and sternere (to spread).
文化背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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