relativist
含义: A person who holds that knowledge, truth, or morality are not absolute but depend on the perspective, context, or cultural framework from which they are viewed.
Relativist is most commonly encountered in philosophical and cultural debates, particularly around moral and cultural relativism. In British broadsheet commentary, it is frequently used as a term of criticism — accusing someone of being a moral relativist implies they lack firm principles. The word should not be confused with the physics sense of 'relativity,' though both share the Latin root. Common modifiers include moral, cultural, and ethical.
例句
- Moral relativists argue that no culture's ethical standards can be judged superior to another's. 道德相对主义者认为,任何文化的伦理标准都不能被判定为优于另一文化的标准。Los relativistas morales sostienen que los criterios éticos de ninguna cultura pueden considerarse superiores a los de otra.道徳的相対主義者は、ある文化の倫理基準が他の文化の基準より優れていると判断することはできないと主張する。도덕적 상대주의자들은 어떤 문화의 윤리적 기준도 다른 문화의 기준보다 우월하다고 판단할 수 없다고 주장한다.
- The prime minister accused the opposition of adopting a relativist position that excused authoritarian regimes. 首相指责反对派采取了相对主义立场,为独裁政权开脱。El primer ministro acusó a la oposición de adoptar una postura relativista que disculpaba a los regímenes autoritarios.首相は野党が権威主義的体制を免罪する相対主義的立場を取っていると非難した。총리는 야당이 권위주의 정권을 면죄하는 상대주의적 입장을 취하고 있다고 비난했다.
- Cultural relativism has been both praised for promoting tolerance and criticised for undermining universal human rights. 文化相对主义既因促进宽容而受到赞扬,也因削弱普世人权而受到批评。El relativismo cultural ha sido elogiado por promover la tolerancia y criticado por socavar los derechos humanos universales.文化相対主義は寛容を促進するとして称賛される一方、普遍的人権を損なうとして批判もされてきた。문화 상대주의는 관용을 증진한다는 점에서 칭찬을 받는 한편, 보편적 인권을 약화한다는 비판도 받아왔다.
发音
用法指南
语境: academic, journalism
语气: neutral
起源与历史
From Latin relativus (having relation to), from relatus, past participle of referre (to carry back). The philosophical term gained currency in the late 19th century alongside anthropological fieldwork that highlighted cultural diversity.
文化背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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