infinitive
含义: The base form of a verb, typically preceded by 'to' in English (e.g., 'to run,' 'to think'), expressing the action or state without reference to a specific subject or tense.
The infinitive can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb within a sentence. In English, the so-called 'split infinitive' (placing an adverb between 'to' and the verb, as in 'to boldly go') has been a subject of stylistic debate for over a century, though most modern grammarians consider it perfectly acceptable. Some verbs require a bare infinitive without 'to,' particularly after modal verbs.
例句
- The infinitive 'to err' is famously paired with 'is human' in Alexander Pope's well-known quotation. 不定式'to err'在亚历山大·蒲柏的名言中与'is human'搭配使用。El infinitivo 'to err' aparece célebremente emparejado con 'is human' en la conocida cita de Alexander Pope.不定詞「to err」は、アレクサンダー・ポープの有名な格言で「is human」と対になっている。부정사 'to err'는 알렉산더 포프의 유명한 격언에서 'is human'과 짝을 이루고 있다.
- After modal verbs such as 'can' and 'must,' English uses the bare infinitive without 'to. 在'can'和'must'等情态动词之后,英语使用不带'to'的原形不定式。Tras verbos modales como 'can' y 'must', el inglés emplea el infinitivo sin 'to'.「can」や「must」などの法助動詞の後では、英語は「to」を伴わない原形不定詞を用いる。can'이나 'must' 같은 법조동사 뒤에서 영어는 'to' 없는 원형 부정사를 사용한다.
- The teacher asked students to identify every infinitive in the passage. 老师让学生找出文段中的每一个不定式。La profesora pidió a los alumnos que identificasen todos los infinitivos del pasaje.教師は生徒にその文章中のすべての不定詞を特定するよう求めた。교사는 학생들에게 그 문장에서 모든 부정사를 찾아내라고 요청했다.
发音
用法指南
语境: academic, education
语气: neutral
起源与历史
From Latin infinitivus (unlimited, indefinite), from in- (not) and finitivus (definite, limited), from finire (to limit). The term reflects that the infinitive is not limited by person or number.
文化背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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