incidence
含义: The rate at which new cases of a disease or condition occur in a population over a specified period; more generally, the occurrence or frequency of something.
Incidence is a key measure in epidemiology, distinguishing new cases from existing ones (which is what prevalence measures). A rising incidence suggests increasing risk or exposure. Outside medicine, incidence describes how often something occurs, such as 'the incidence of workplace accidents.' In physics, 'angle of incidence' describes the angle at which a ray of light strikes a surface.
例句
- The incidence of skin cancer has risen steadily in the United Kingdom over the past thirty years. 过去三十年来,英国皮肤癌的发病率持续上升。La incidencia del cáncer de piel ha aumentado de forma constante en el Reino Unido durante los últimos treinta años.英国における皮膚がんの罹患率は、過去30年間にわたり着実に上昇している。영국의 피부암 발생률은 지난 30년간 꾸준히 상승해 왔다.
- Researchers noted a higher incidence of the disease in urban areas compared with rural communities. 研究人员注意到,城市地区的发病率高于农村社区。Los investigadores observaron una incidencia más elevada de la enfermedad en zonas urbanas en comparación con las comunidades rurales.研究者たちは、農村部と比較して都市部でその疾病の罹患率が高いことに注目した。연구자들은 농촌 지역에 비해 도시 지역에서 해당 질병의 발생률이 더 높다는 점에 주목했다.
- The incidence of knife crime fell by twelve per cent following the introduction of targeted policing initiatives. 在实施有针对性的警务措施后,持刀犯罪的发生率下降了百分之十二。La incidencia de los delitos con arma blanca descendió un doce por ciento tras la implantación de iniciativas policiales focalizadas.的を絞った警察活動の導入後、ナイフ犯罪の発生率は12パーセント低下した。표적 경찰 활동의 도입 이후, 흉기 범죄 발생률이 12퍼센트 감소했다.
发音
用法指南
语境: academic, professional, media
语气: neutral
起源与历史
From medieval Latin incidentia (a falling upon), from Latin incidere (to fall upon), combining in- (upon) and cadere (to fall). The epidemiological sense developed in the 19th century.
文化背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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