hierarchy
含义: A system in which people or things are arranged according to their importance, status, or authority.
Hierarchy is used across organisational, social, biological, and conceptual domains. In business, it refers to chains of command; in biology, to taxonomic classification; in psychology, to Maslow's 'hierarchy of needs.' The word can be neutral (describing a structure) or critical (implying rigid, top-down control). Common collocations include 'corporate hierarchy,' 'social hierarchy,' 'hierarchical structure,' and 'top of the hierarchy.'
例句
- The company's rigid hierarchy stifled innovation and discouraged junior staff from speaking up. 公司僵化的等级制度扼杀了创新,阻碍了基层员工发表意见。La rígida jerarquía de la empresa ahogaba la innovación y disuadía al personal subalterno de expresarse.その企業の硬直した階層制度は革新を阻害し、若手社員の発言を妨げた。그 회사의 경직된 위계 구조는 혁신을 저해하고 하급 직원들의 발언을 억제했다.
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs places physiological requirements at the base and self-actualisation at the top. 马斯洛的需求层次理论将生理需求置于底部,将自我实现置于顶端。La jerarquía de necesidades de Maslow sitúa los requisitos fisiológicos en la base y la autorrealización en la cúspide.マズローの欲求階層は、生理的欲求を底辺に、自己実現を頂点に位置づけている。매슬로의 욕구 위계는 생리적 욕구를 기저에, 자아실현을 정점에 위치시킨다.
- The traditional social hierarchy in rural England was disrupted by industrialisation and urbanisation. 英国乡村传统的社会等级制度被工业化和城市化所打破。La tradicional jerarquía social de la Inglaterra rural se vio alterada por la industrialización y la urbanización.イングランド農村部の伝統的な社会的階層は、工業化と都市化によって覆された。잉글랜드 농촌의 전통적 사회 계층은 산업화와 도시화에 의해 뒤흔들렸다.
发音
用法指南
语境: academic, professional, general
语气: neutral
起源与历史
From Old French ierarchie, from Medieval Latin hierarchia, from Greek hierarkhia (rule of a high priest), from hierarkhes (leader of sacred rites), from hieros (sacred) and arkhein (to lead, rule).
文化背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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