hedonism
含义: The philosophical doctrine that pleasure is the highest good and the proper aim of human life; in everyday usage, the pursuit of sensual pleasure and self-indulgence as a way of life.
In philosophy, hedonism is a serious ethical position with roots in the ancient Greek school of Epicurus, who argued that the highest good is pleasure — though he defined pleasure as the absence of pain rather than active indulgence. In modern everyday usage, hedonism carries more negative connotations, implying excessive pursuit of physical pleasures. 'Hedonistic' is the adjective. The tension between hedonism and duty, self-sacrifice, or delayed gratification is a recurring theme in moral philosophy.
例句
- The philosopher defended a sophisticated form of hedonism, arguing that intellectual pleasures are more valuable than physical ones. 这位哲学家为一种高级形式的享乐主义辩护,主张智性的快乐比肉体的快乐更有价值。El filósofo defendía una forma sofisticada de hedonismo, argumentando que los placeres intelectuales son más valiosos que los físicos.その哲学者は洗練された形のヘドニズムを擁護し、知的な快楽は肉体的な快楽よりも価値があると主張した。그 철학자는 세련된 형태의 쾌락주의를 옹호하며, 지적 쾌락이 육체적 쾌락보다 더 가치가 있다고 주장했습니다.
- Critics of consumer culture accuse it of promoting hedonism at the expense of deeper values such as community and responsibility. 消费文化的批评者指责它以牺牲社区和责任等更深层价值观为代价来推广享乐主义。Los críticos de la cultura del consumo la acusan de promover el hedonismo en detrimento de valores más profundos como la comunidad y la responsabilidad.消費文化の批評家たちは、共同体意識や責任感といったより深い価値観を犠牲にしてヘドニズムを助長していると非難する。소비 문화의 비평가들은 공동체 의식이나 책임감 같은 더 깊은 가치를 희생시키며 쾌락주의를 조장한다고 비난합니다.
- The island resort marketed itself unashamedly to a hedonistic clientele seeking luxury, indulgence, and relaxation. 这个岛屿度假村毫不掩饰地向追求奢华、放纵和休闲的享乐主义客户群推销自己。El complejo turístico de la isla se promocionaba sin reparo alguno entre una clientela hedonista en busca de lujo, indulgencia y relajación.その島のリゾートは、贅沢・耽溺・リラクゼーションを求めるヘドニスティックな客層に対して臆することなく宣伝を行った。그 섬 리조트는 사치, 탐닉, 휴식을 추구하는 쾌락주의적 고객층을 대상으로 거리낌 없이 홍보했습니다.
发音
用法指南
语境: academic, media
语气: neutral
起源与历史
From Greek hedone (pleasure, delight). The philosophical school of hedonism was associated with Aristippus of Cyrene (4th century BC) and later refined by Epicurus. The word entered English in the 19th century.
文化背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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