centripetal
含义: Directed or moving towards a centre. In physics, centripetal force is the force that acts on a body moving in a circular path, directed towards the centre around which the body moves.
Centripetal is primarily a physics term, contrasting with centrifugal (moving away from the centre). It collocates almost exclusively with force and acceleration in scientific contexts. In political science and sociology, centripetal forces are those that bind a state or society together, pulling diverse elements towards unity — contrasted with centrifugal forces that promote fragmentation. This figurative usage appears in academic and analytical writing about nationalism, federalism, and social cohesion.
例句
- The centripetal force required to keep the satellite in orbit is provided by the Earth's gravitational attraction. 维持卫星在轨道上运行所需的向心力由地球的引力提供。La fuerza centrípeta necesaria para mantener el satélite en órbita la proporciona la atracción gravitatoria de la Tierra.衛星を軌道上に維持するために必要な向心力は、地球の重力によって供給される。위성을 궤도에 유지하는 데 필요한 구심력은 지구의 중력에 의해 제공된다.
- Political analysts describe the monarchy as a centripetal force that helps hold the United Kingdom together. 政治分析人士将君主制描述为一种向心力,有助于维护联合王国的统一。Los analistas políticos describen la monarquía como una fuerza centrípeta que contribuye a mantener unido al Reino Unido.政治アナリストは、君主制を英国の統一を維持する向心力として位置づけている。정치 분석가들은 군주제를 영국의 통합을 유지하는 구심력으로 묘사한다.
- Students often confuse centripetal force with centrifugal force, but only the former is a real force in Newtonian mechanics. 学生经常混淆向心力和离心力,但在牛顿力学中只有向心力才是真实的力。Los estudiantes a menudo confunden la fuerza centrípeta con la centrífuga, pero solo la primera es una fuerza real en la mecánica newtoniana.学生はしばしば向心力と遠心力を混同するが、ニュートン力学において実在する力は向心力のみである。학생들은 구심력과 원심력을 자주 혼동하지만, 뉴턴 역학에서 실제 힘은 구심력뿐이다.
发音
用法指南
语境: academic, scientific
语气: neutral
起源与历史
From Latin centrum (centre) + petere (to seek, aim at). Coined by Isaac Newton in his Principia Mathematica (1687) to describe the force directed towards the centre of circular motion.
文化背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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