apparatus
含义: The equipment, machinery, or system of tools needed for a particular activity or purpose; also, the organisational structure through which a system operates.
Apparatus has both a concrete and an abstract sense. Concretely, it refers to scientific equipment or gym apparatus. Abstractly — and more commonly in advanced English — it describes institutional machinery: the state apparatus, the party apparatus, the regulatory apparatus. This figurative usage implies a complex, sometimes opaque system of power and control. The plural can be either 'apparatus' or 'apparatuses,' with the former preferred in formal writing.
例句
- The laboratory was equipped with sophisticated apparatus for conducting chemical analyses. 该实验室配备了用于化学分析的精密设备。El laboratorio estaba equipado con aparatos sofisticados para realizar análisis químicos.その研究所には化学分析を行うための精密な装置が備えられていた。그 연구소에는 화학 분석을 수행하기 위한 정밀한 장비가 갖추어져 있었다.
- Critics argued that the entire apparatus of government had been co-opted to serve narrow political interests. 批评者认为,整个政府机器已被挪用来服务于狭隘的政治利益。Los críticos sostenían que todo el aparato de gobierno había sido cooptado para servir a intereses políticos mezquinos.批判者たちは、政府機構全体が偏った政治的利益のために利用されていると主張した。비판자들은 정부 기구 전체가 편협한 정치적 이익에 봉사하도록 전용되었다고 주장했다.
- The security apparatus established during the Cold War proved difficult to dismantle once the threat receded. 冷战期间建立的安全机构在威胁消退后被证明难以解散。El aparato de seguridad establecido durante la Guerra Fría resultó difícil de desmantelar una vez que la amenaza remitió.冷戦期に構築された安全保障機構は、脅威が後退した後も解体が困難であることが判明した。냉전 시기에 구축된 안보 기구는 위협이 물러난 뒤에도 해체하기 어려운 것으로 드러났다.
发音
用法指南
语境: academic, politics, scientific
语气: neutral
起源与历史
From Latin apparatus (preparation, equipment), from apparare (to make ready), from ad- (to) + parare (to prepare). Entered English in the early 17th century, initially in scientific contexts.
文化背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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