Military & Armed Forces

Squaddie slang, wartime expressions, and forces culture

简介

英国军队对日常英语的贡献是巨大的，而且往往是说话的人自己都没意识到的。来自两次世界大战、殖民时期服役以及一代又一代士兵的表达，用生动的、常常带着黑色幽默的词汇丰富了英语。

军事俚语有着实际用途——提高效率、增强同袍情谊，以及在危险面前需要的那种黑色幽默。像"civvy street（平民生活）""AWOL（擅离职守）""going commando（不穿内裤）"这样的词已经跨入了民用领域，带着军事起源的回响。

这一章探索英国军旅生活的词汇——从军衔和装备到部队之间的互怼。很多词来自塑造了现代英国的战争冲突，让这些词汇成为了解英国国家历史的一扇窗。

主题

本章全部英语俚语（79）

• Squaddie A low-ranking soldier, especially a private
• The brass High-ranking military officers
• Civvy Street Civilian life after leaving the military
• Civvies Civilian clothes (non-uniform)
• Tommy A British soldier, especially in WWI
• Blighty Britain; home (military slang)
• Over the top Excessive; originally leaving the trench to attack
• No man's land Disputed territory; uncertain situation
• AWOL Absent Without Leave; missing
• Kit Equipment, gear, or belongings
• On the double Quickly, at double speed
• Stand down Relax from alert; withdraw from position
• MIA Missing In Action; absent or unavailable
• Friendly fire Accidental attack on one's own forces; criticism from allies
• Boots on the ground Ground troops deployed; people physically present
• Collateral damage Unintended harm to civilians or property; secondary consequences
• Front line The most forward position; direct contact with situation
• Battle stations Positions for combat; state of high readiness
• Demob happy Excited and distracted because leaving soon
• Rank and file Ordinary members; non-leadership personnel
• Bought it / Buying it Died; was killed
• Cushy number An easy, comfortable job or position
• Sprog A new recruit; also a child
• Brassed off Fed up, annoyed
• Shell shock Combat trauma; extreme shock or stress
• Trench foot Foot condition from cold and wet; metaphor for discomfort
• In the trenches Doing difficult work at ground level; in the thick of it
• Doolally Mad, crazy, mentally unstable
• Sapper Military engineer; the lowest rank in Royal Engineers
• Jerry A German soldier or German person (dated, WWII)
• Ack-ack Anti-aircraft fire or guns
• Brew up Make tea; also a tank catching fire (military)
• Billet Lodging for soldiers; a comfortable position
• Scramble Urgent order for pilots to take off immediately
• Sortie A military mission; any outing or expedition
• Squaddie-proof Made to be very durable; soldier-proof
• Stag Guard duty; being on watch
• NAAFI Military canteen/shop; also a tea break
• Bulled up Polished to high shine; prepared for inspection
• Basha A makeshift shelter; any sleeping quarters
• Tab A long march with full kit (military)
• Yomp A long march with full kit (Royal Marines)
• Chin-strapped Extremely exhausted (military slang)
• Webbing Military load-carrying equipment
• Dug in Established defensive position; firmly committed
• Give/ask quarter Show/request mercy
• Rally Regroup at a point; recover and reform
• Flank The side of a military formation; to attack from the side
• Recon Reconnaissance; preliminary observation
• Recce Reconnaissance (British pronunciation/spelling)
• Sitrep Situation report; status update
• Roger that Understood; message received
• Wilco Will comply (radio acknowledgment)
• Oscar Mike On the move (military phonetic)
• FUBAR Completely messed up (military acronym)
• SNAFU A mistake or confused situation (military acronym)
• Rations Food supplies; allocated food portions
• Comms Communications (military abbreviation)
• Intel Intelligence; information about enemy or situation
• Op Operation; military mission
• Enlisted Non-officer military personnel
• The mess Military dining facility or club
• On parade Assembled for inspection; on display
• Debrief Post-mission interview; to review what happened
• Brief Pre-mission information session
• Deployment Sending troops/resources to operational area
• Tour of duty Period of military service in a location
• Target Object of attack; goal or objective
• Casualty Person killed, wounded, or missing in action
• Quarters Military housing or lodgings
• Barracks Military housing building for troops
• Garrison Military post or the troops stationed there
• Brass monkey weather Extremely cold weather
• Gung-ho Extremely enthusiastic and eager, especially for action
• Kamikaze Suicidally reckless; self-destructive approach
• Blitz Intensive attack or effort; the WWII bombing of Britain
• Dunkirk spirit Determination and solidarity in adversity
• At ease Relaxed position; command to relax
• Shape up or ship out Improve your performance or leave