ワーキングプア
含义: Working poor; people who are employed full-time but still cannot escape poverty due to low wages.
This English loanword hit Japan hard because it shattered the assumption that employment equals financial stability. An NHK documentary series in 2006 brought the concept to national attention, showing how contract workers, dispatch employees, and part-timers could work full schedules yet remain below the poverty line. It's closely linked to Japan's dual labor market of secure 'seishain' versus precarious non-regular workers.
例句
- フルタイムで働いてるのに生活苦しいって、それワーキングプアだよね。 全职工作但生活还是很苦，这不就是在职贫困吗。Si trabajas a jornada completa y aun así no llegas a fin de mes, eso son trabajadores pobres, ¿no?풀타임으로 일하는데 생활이 힘들면, 그거 워킹 푸어잖아.
- ワーキングプアの問題は非正規雇用の構造的な問題だと思う。 在职贫困的问题，我认为是非正式雇佣的结构性问题。Creo que el problema de los trabajadores pobres es un problema estructural del empleo no regular.워킹 푸어 문제는 비정규직 고용의 구조적 문제라고 생각해.
- 最低賃金が上がってもワーキングプアから抜け出せない人はまだ多い。 就算最低工资涨了，无法摆脱在职贫困的人还是很多。Aunque suba el salario mínimo, todavía hay muchas personas que no pueden escapar de la pobreza laboral.최저임금이 올라도 워킹 푸어에서 벗어나지 못하는 사람이 아직 많아.
发音
/waː.kiɴ.ɡu.pu.a/
用法指南
语境: news, social issues, social media
语气: serious, empathetic
✓ 正确说法
- ワーキングプアは個人の問題じゃなくて社会の問題だよ。 (Working poverty is a societal issue, not a personal one.)在职贫困不是个人问题，而是社会问题。（在职贫困是社会问题，不是个人问题。）La pobreza laboral es un problema de la sociedad, no un problema individual.워킹 푸어는 개인의 문제가 아니라 사회의 문제야. (근로 빈곤은 개인 문제가 아니라 사회 문제야.)
- ワーキングプアを減らすには非正規雇用の待遇改善が必要。 (To reduce working poverty, we need to improve conditions for non-regular workers.)要减少在职贫困，需要改善非正规雇佣的待遇。（要减少在职贫困，需要改善非正规劳动者的条件。）Para reducir la pobreza laboral, es necesario mejorar las condiciones del empleo no regular.워킹 푸어를 줄이려면 비정규직 처우 개선이 필요해. (근로 빈곤을 줄이려면 비정규직의 대우를 개선해야 해.)
✗ 错误说法
- 当事者に直接「ワーキングプアだね」と言うのは失礼 — directly labeling someone as 'working poor' to their face is insensitive当面对当事人说'你是在职贫困呢'很失礼——直接给别人贴上'在职贫困'的标签是很不体贴的Decirle directamente a alguien 'eres un trabajador pobre' es una falta de respeto당사자에게 직접 'ワーキングプアだね'라고 말하는 건 실례다 — 누군가에게 직접 '워킹 푸어'라고 꼬리표를 붙이는 것은 무신경한 행동이다
常见错误
- Assuming ワーキングプア only means unemployed people — it specifically refers to people who ARE employed but still poor
起源与历史
From English 'working poor.' Entered Japanese public consciousness through a 2006 NHK documentary series. Became a defining social issue term reflecting Japan's growing non-regular employment crisis.
文化背景
Era: Entered public discourse 2006, ongoing
Generation: All ages in social discourse
Social background: Primarily affects non-regular workers
Regional notes: Used nationwide. Connected to Japan's structural issue of non-regular employment (非正規雇用) which affects roughly 40% of workers.
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