Vocabulary Word Japanese ★★★★☆ Common Neutral
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含义: A debt of gratitude; a favour owed that creates a moral obligation to reciprocate.

恩情——受人恩惠后产生的感恩之债,在道义上有义务回报。
Una deuda de gratitud; un favor recibido que crea la obligación moral de corresponder.
은혜; 받은 호의로 인해 갚아야 할 도의적 의무가 생기는 것.

恩 is a weight that accumulates — every kindness received becomes an obligation to repay. Unlike casual gratitude, 恩 implies a lasting moral debt. It governs relationships between parents and children (親の恩), teachers and students (先生の恩), and benefactors and recipients. Forgetting 恩 is one of the most serious character failings in Japanese ethics.

恩是一种会不断累积的分量——每一份受到的善意都变成一份需要偿还的义务。与随口的感谢不同,恩意味着一种持久的道义债务。它支配着父母与子女(親の恩)、老师与学生(先生の恩)、以及恩人与受惠者之间的关系。忘恩是日本伦理观中最严重的品格缺陷之一。
恩 es un peso que se acumula: cada acto de bondad recibido se convierte en una obligación de devolverlo. A diferencia de la gratitud casual, 恩 implica una deuda moral duradera. Rige las relaciones entre padres e hijos (親の恩), profesores y alumnos (先生の恩), y benefactores y beneficiarios. Olvidar la 恩 es uno de los defectos de carácter más graves en la ética japonesa.
온(恩)은 쌓이는 무게와 같다 — 받은 모든 친절이 갚아야 할 의무가 된다. 가벼운 감사와 달리, 온은 지속적인 도의적 빚을 의미한다. 부모와 자녀(親の恩), 스승과 제자(先生の恩), 은인과 수혜자 사이의 관계를 지배한다. 온을 잊는 것은 일본 윤리에서 가장 심각한 인격적 결함 중 하나이다.

例句

  1. 親の恩は一生かけても返しきれない。
    父母的养育之恩,用一辈子也还不完。
    La deuda con los padres no se puede saldar ni en toda una vida.
    부모님의 은혜는 평생을 다해도 다 갚을 수 없어.
  2. 先生には大きな恩があるから、頼まれたら断れない。
    欠老师很大的人情,所以他开口拜托的事没法拒绝。
    Le debo mucho a mi profesor, así que si me pide algo no puedo negarme.
    선생님께 큰 은혜를 입었으니까, 부탁받으면 거절할 수가 없어.
  3. 恩を忘れるような人にはなりたくない。
    我不想做忘恩负义的人。
    No quiero ser de esas personas que olvidan los favores recibidos.
    은혜를 잊는 사람이 되고 싶지 않아.

发音

/oɴ/

用法指南

语境: gratitude, moral discussion, family, mentor relationships

语气: serious, grateful, weighty

✓ 正确说法

  • 恩は忘れないよ、いつか必ず返す (I won't forget this favour — I'll definitely repay it someday)
    这份恩情我不会忘,总有一天一定会报答(I won't forget this favour — I'll definitely repay it someday)
    No olvidaré este favor; algún día te lo devolveré sin falta.
    은혜는 잊지 않을게, 언젠가 꼭 갚을게 (I won't forget this favour — I'll definitely repay it someday)
  • 先輩に受けた恩を後輩に返していきたい (I want to pass on the kindness my seniors showed me to my juniors)
    我想把前辈给我的恩情传递给后辈们(I want to pass on the kindness my seniors showed me to my juniors)
    Quiero devolver a los más jóvenes la bondad que recibí de mis mayores.
    선배한테 받은 은혜를 후배한테 돌려주고 싶어 (I want to pass on the kindness my seniors showed me to my juniors)

✗ 错误说法

  • 些細なことで「恩があるだろ」と迫るのは恩着せがましい (Pressuring someone with 'you owe me' over trivial things is guilt-tripping)
    为了一点小事就逼人说'你欠我人情',这就是挟恩图报(Pressuring someone with 'you owe me' over trivial things is guilt-tripping)
    Presionar a alguien con «me debes un favor» por nimiedades es hacer chantaje emocional.
    사소한 일로 '은혜 입었잖아'라고 압박하는 건 은혜를 내세우는 짓이다 (Pressuring someone with 'you owe me' over trivial things is guilt-tripping)

常见错误

起源与历史

From Chinese 恩 (grace/favour). In Japanese Confucian and Buddhist ethics, 恩 creates a moral obligation chain — receiving kindness obligates you to reciprocate. The concept deeply structures Japanese interpersonal relationships and social morality.

文化背景

Era: Confucian/Buddhist origins, fundamental Japanese moral concept

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

Regional notes: Used across all of Japan. A cornerstone of Japanese moral philosophy that structures relationships between parents-children, teachers-students, and benefactors-recipients.

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