確定申告
含义: Annual tax filing; the process of declaring income and expenses to the tax office, required for freelancers and those with side income.
Every February-March, 確定申告 becomes a trending topic on Japanese social media as freelancers, side-hustlers, and gig workers scramble to file their taxes. For salaried workers whose companies handle withholding (年末調整), it's irrelevant — but for the growing freelance and副業 (side job) economy, it's a dreaded annual ritual. Complaints about confusing paperwork, e-Tax troubles, and tax office queues flood Twitter every year.
例句
- 確定申告の時期になるとフリーランスの友達が全員病んでる。 一到报税季,自由职业的朋友全都崩溃了。Cuando llega la época de la declaración de la renta, todos mis amigos autónomos están al borde de un ataque de nervios.확정 신고 시기가 되면 프리랜서 친구들이 전부 지쳐 있어.
- 今年から副業始めたんだけど、確定申告ってどうやるの? 今年开始做副业了,报税该怎么弄啊?He empezado a hacer trabajos extra este año, pero ¿cómo se hace la declaración de la renta?올해부터 부업을 시작했는데, 확정 신고는 어떻게 하는 거야?
- 確定申告ギリギリまで放置してて毎年焦るのほんとやめたい。 每年报税都拖到最后一刻然后焦虑,真想改掉这个毛病。Cada año dejo la declaración para el último momento y acabo agobiado, de verdad que quiero dejar de hacerlo.확정 신고를 마감 직전까지 미뤄 놓고 매년 조바심 내는 거 진짜 그만두고 싶어.
发音
/ka.ku.te.i.ɕiɴ.ko.ku/
用法指南
语境: work, financial planning, social media, freelance
语气: stressed, dutiful
✓ 正确说法
- 確定申告もう終わった?私まだ何もやってない。 (Have you finished your tax filing? I haven't done anything yet.)报税搞完了吗?我还什么都没弄呢。¿Ya has terminado la declaración de la renta? Yo aún no he hecho nada.확정 신고 벌써 끝냈어? 나는 아직 아무것도 안 했어.
- 確定申告はe-Taxでやると楽だよ。 (Filing taxes online with e-Tax is easier.)用e-Tax网上报税会轻松很多。Si haces la declaración por internet con e-Tax es más fácil.확정 신고는 e-Tax로 하면 편해.
✗ 错误说法
- サラリーマンに「確定申告大変だよね」は的外れなことが多い (Saying 'tax filing is tough, right?' to a salaried worker is often off-base since their company handles it)对上班族说'报税很辛苦吧'往往不太合适,因为他们公司会代办Decirle a un asalariado «qué dura es la declaración de la renta, ¿no?» suele estar fuera de lugar, ya que su empresa se encarga de ello.회사원에게 '확정 신고 힘들지?'라고 하면 적절하지 않은 경우가 많다 — 회사에서 대신 처리해 주기 때문
常见错误
- Confusing 確定申告 with 年末調整 (year-end tax adjustment) — salaried workers do 年末調整 through their employer, while 確定申告 is for freelancers, side income, or special deductions
起源与历史
From 確定 (finalization/determination) + 申告 (declaration/report). The Japanese tax filing system requires individuals with non-withheld income to file between February 16 and March 15 annually.
文化背景
Era: Modern tax system from postwar period, trending on social media from 2010s with rise of freelance economy
Generation: Working adults, especially freelancers and side-hustlers
Social background: Self-employed and those with multiple income sources
Regional notes: Used across all of Japan. The filing period (February 16 to March 15) is a predictable social media event. e-Tax (electronic filing) has grown but many still visit tax offices.
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