出る杭は打たれる
含义: The nail that sticks out gets hammered down — those who stand out or deviate from the group will face social pressure to conform.
This proverb encapsulates the Japanese cultural emphasis on group harmony over individual distinction. While sometimes used critically to lament the suppression of individuality, it also serves as practical social advice. In modern usage, people reference it both seriously and ironically — entrepreneurs might embrace being a 'sticking-out nail' while acknowledging the social cost.
例句
- 日本では出る杭は打たれるから、目立つと叩かれるよ。 在日本就是枪打出头鸟，太显眼就会被攻击。En Japón, el clavo que sobresale recibe el martillazo, así que si llamas la atención, te criticarán.일본에서는 튀는 못이 맞으니까, 눈에 띄면 공격받아.
- 出る杭は打たれるって言うけど、出すぎた杭は打たれないとも言うよね。 虽说枪打出头鸟，但也有人说特别突出的人反而没人敢打。Dicen que el clavo que sobresale recibe el martillazo, pero también dicen que el que sobresale demasiado ya no se puede clavar.튀는 못은 맞힌다고 하지만, 너무 튀어나온 못은 오히려 안 맞힌다는 말도 있잖아.
- 出る杭は打たれる文化をそろそろ変えていかないと。 枪打出头鸟的文化也该改改了。Ya va siendo hora de cambiar la cultura de machacar al que destaca.튀는 못을 때리는 문화를 이제 슬슬 바꿔야 하지 않을까.
发音
/de.ɾɯ kɯ.i wa ɯ.ta.ɾe.ɾɯ/
用法指南
语境: social commentary, workplace, cultural discussion, self-reflection
语气: cautionary, philosophical, sometimes critical
✓ 正确说法
- 出る杭は打たれるから気をつけてね (The nail that sticks out gets hammered — be careful)枪打出头鸟，你要小心点（出头的椽子先烂，当心点）出る杭は打たれるから気をつけてね (El clavo que sobresale recibe el martillazo, así que ten cuidado)出る杭は打たれるから気をつけてね (튀는 못은 맞으니까 조심해)
- 出る杭は打たれる社会を変えたいよね (I wish we could change this hammering-down culture)真希望能改变这种枪打出头鸟的社会风气（希望能改变这种压制出头鸟的文化）出る杭は打たれる社会を変えたいよね (Ojalá pudiésemos cambiar esta cultura de machacar al que destaca)出る杭は打たれる社会を変えたいよね (튀는 못을 때리는 사회를 바꾸고 싶다)
✗ 错误说法
- 実際にいじめられている人に「出る杭は打たれる」と言うのは被害者を責めることになる (Telling someone being bullied that 'the nail that sticks out gets hammered' amounts to victim-blaming)对正在被霸凌的人说「枪打出头鸟嘛」等于在指责受害者実際にいじめられている人に「出る杭は打たれる」と言うのは被害者を責めることになる (Decirle a alguien que está siendo acosado que «el clavo que sobresale recibe el martillazo» equivale a culpar a la víctima)실제로 왕따를 당하는 사람에게 '튀는 못은 맞는 법이야'라고 하면 피해자를 탓하는 꼴이 된다
常见错误
- Assuming this proverb is universally endorsed — many Japanese people, especially younger ones, are critical of this mentality
- Not knowing the counter-proverb: 出すぎた杭は打たれない (a nail that sticks out too far cannot be hammered — if you're exceptional enough, they can't bring you down)
起源与历史
Classical Japanese proverb. 出る (protruding) + 杭 (stake/nail) + 打たれる (gets struck). Reflects collectivist cultural values where group harmony (和) takes precedence over individual expression. Sometimes countered with 出すぎた杭は打たれない (a nail that sticks out too far can't be hammered).
文化背景
Era: Classical proverb, continuously relevant in modern Japan
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
Regional notes: Used across all of Japan. One of the most internationally known Japanese proverbs, frequently referenced in cultural comparisons.
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