few / a few / little / a little

Grammar Pattern BritishAmericanAustralian ★★★★☆ Common Neutral
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含义: Small quantities with different nuances

具有不同细微差别的小量表达
Cantidades pequeñas con diferentes matices
異なるニュアンスを持つ少量表現
다른 뉘앙스를 가진 소량 표현

'Few' and 'a few' are for countable nouns; 'little' and 'a little' for uncountable. Without 'a' = negative meaning (not enough). With 'a' = positive meaning (some, enough). The difference is subtle but important.

'Few'和'a few'用于可数名词;'little'和'a little'用于不可数名词。不带'a'=否定含义(不够)。带'a'=肯定含义(一些,足够)。这个区别很微妙但很重要。
'Few' y 'a few' son para sustantivos contables; 'little' y 'a little' para incontables. Sin 'a' = significado negativo (no suficiente). Con 'a' = significado positivo (algo, suficiente). La diferencia es sutil pero importante.
「Few」と「a few」は可算名詞用、「little」と「a little」は不可算名詞用。「a」なし=否定的な意味(足りない)。「a」あり=肯定的な意味(いくらか、十分)。違いは微妙ですが重要です。
'Few'와 'a few'는 가산 명사에, 'little'과 'a little'은 불가산 명사에 사용합니다. 'a' 없이 = 부정적 의미 (충분하지 않음). 'a'와 함께 = 긍정적 의미 (어느 정도, 충분함). 차이는 미묘하지만 중요합니다.

例句

  1. Few people came to the party.' (not many, disappointing)
    很少人来参加派对。'(不多,令人失望)
    Poca gente vino a la fiesta.' (no muchos, decepcionante)
    パーティーに来た人はほとんどいませんでした。'(少ない、がっかり)
    파티에 온 사람이 거의 없었어요.' (적음, 실망스러움)
  2. A few people came to the party.' (some people, okay)
    有几个人来参加派对。'(有些人,还行)
    Unas pocas personas vinieron a la fiesta.' (algunas personas, bien)
    パーティーに何人か来ました。'(何人か、大丈夫)
    파티에 몇 명 왔어요.' (어느 정도, 괜찮음)
  3. I have little time.' (not enough time)
    我时间不多。'(时间不够)
    Tengo poco tiempo.' (no suficiente tiempo)
    時間がほとんどありません。'(時間が足りない)
    시간이 거의 없어요.' (시간이 부족)
  4. I have a little time.' (some time, enough)
    我有一点时间。'(一些时间,足够)
    Tengo un poco de tiempo.' (algo de tiempo, suficiente)
    少し時間があります。'(ある程度の時間、十分)
    시간이 좀 있어요.' (어느 정도, 충분)

发音

用法指南

语境: spoken, written, everyday

语气: nuanced

✓ 正确说法

  • She has few friends. (lonely)
    她几乎没有朋友。(孤独)
    Ella tiene pocos amigos. (solitaria)
    彼女には友達がほとんどいません。(孤独)
    그녀는 친구가 거의 없어요. (외로움)
  • She has a few friends. (some friends)
    她有几个朋友。(有一些朋友)
    Ella tiene unos pocos amigos. (algunos amigos)
    彼女には何人か友達がいます。(友達がいる)
    그녀는 친구가 몇 명 있어요. (어느 정도)
  • There's little hope. (pessimistic)
    几乎没有希望。(悲观)
    Hay poca esperanza. (pesimista)
    望みはほとんどありません。(悲観的)
    희망이 거의 없어요. (비관적)
  • There's a little hope. (some hope)
    还有一点希望。(有些希望)
    Hay un poco de esperanza. (algo de esperanza)
    少し望みがあります。(いくらかの望み)
    희망이 조금 있어요. (어느 정도)
  • I have little water.
    我几乎没有水。
    Tengo poca agua.
    水がほとんどありません。
    물이 거의 없어요.
  • I have few books.
    我几乎没有书。
    Tengo pocos libros.
    本がほとんどありません。
    책이 거의 없어요.

✗ 错误说法

  • I have few water. (uncountable = little)
    I have few water.(不可数 = little)
    I have few water. (incontable = little)
    I have few water.(不可算 = little)
    I have few water.(불가산 = little)
  • I have little books. (countable = few)
    I have little books.(可数 = few)
    I have little books. (contable = few)
    I have little books.(可算 = few)
    I have little books.(가산 = few)

起源与历史

Quantity expression with nuance

文化背景

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

更多同类表达

Zero Article ★★★★★ When to use no article at all Quantifiers ★★★★★ Much, many, some, any, a lot of for expressing amounts all / every / each ★★★★★ Different ways to refer to complete groups General vs Specific Reference ★★★★★ Choosing between a/an, the, or no article 'the' with Unique Things ★★★★★ Using 'the' for unique or only-one items General vs Specific Reference ★★★★★ When to use a/an, the, or no article
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