Conditionals

Second and third conditionals for hypothetical situations

简介

第二条件句和第三条件句打开了英语中"假设性思维"的大门。第二条件句想象不真实的现在或未来情况，第三条件句则回望过去——如果当时不一样的话会怎样？

这些条件句是表达愿望、遗憾和推测时的必备工具。日常对话中讨论"如果……会怎样"时，时时刻刻都在用。

中文用"如果""要是"就能表达各种假设，但英语要根据假设的时间段改变动词时态。第二条件句用过去时谈现在的假设，第三条件句用过去完成时谈过去的假设——掌握了这个规律，你就能精确地表达各种"如果"了。

主题

本章全部英语语法（17）

• Second Conditional Describes hypothetical or unlikely present/future situations
• Third Conditional Describes hypothetical past situations (regrets, different outcomes)
• unless Meaning 'if not' or 'except if'
• in case Precaution against possible future events
• even if / even though Emphasizing unexpected conditions or contrasts
• unless Negative condition meaning 'if not'
• provided (that) / as long as Conditions for something to happen
• otherwise / or (else) Expressing negative consequences
• wish + Past Simple Expressing wishes about the present
• wish + Past Perfect Expressing regrets about the past
• wish + would Expressing frustration about habits or unwillingness
• as if / as though Describing how something seems
• in case (precaution) Doing something as a precaution
• unless (= if...not) Negative condition meaning 'except if'
• provided/providing (that) Strong condition meaning 'only if'
• as long as / so long as Condition that must continue
• suppose/supposing Imagining hypothetical situations