less
Meaning: A smaller amount or degree; not as much
Less is used to indicate a smaller quantity or degree of something. It's the comparative form of 'little' and is typically used with uncountable nouns ('less water') rather than countable ones. Common expressions include 'more or less' (approximately) and 'less and less' (decreasingly).
Examples
- I need to spend less money on takeaways. 我需要少花点钱在外卖上。Necesito gastar menos dinero en comida para llevar.テイクアウトにお金をあまり使わないようにしなければ。배달 음식에 돈을 덜 써야겠어요.
- The journey took less time than I expected. 旅程比我预期的时间短。El viaje llevó menos tiempo del que esperaba.旅は予想より時間がかかりませんでした。여행은 예상보다 시간이 적게 걸렸습니다.
- She's been feeling less anxious since starting yoga. 自从开始练瑜伽以来,她感觉没那么焦虑了。Se ha sentido menos ansiosa desde que empezó yoga.ヨガを始めてから、彼女は不安を感じることが少なくなりました。요가를 시작한 이후로 그녀는 불안감을 덜 느끼고 있습니다.
Pronunciation
Usage Guide
Context: general
Tone: neutral
Origin & History
From Old English 'lǣssa' meaning 'smaller, fewer', from Proto-Germanic 'laisiz'. The suffix '-less' (as in 'hopeless', 'careless') comes from the same root, meaning 'without' or 'lacking'. The 'less vs fewer' distinction (uncountable vs countable) became a grammar rule only in the 18th century.
Cultural Context
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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