inflation

Vocabulary Word BritishAmerican ★★★☆☆ Moderate Neutral
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Meaning: A general increase in prices and decrease in purchasing power

通货膨胀
inflación
インフレーション、物価上昇
인플레이션, 물가 상승

Inflation is an economic term describing the rate at which prices rise and the purchasing power of money falls. It's measured by indices like the Consumer Price Index (CPI). High inflation means money buys less. The opposite is 'deflation.' 'Inflation rate' is frequently discussed in economic and political news.

通货膨胀是一个经济术语,描述价格上涨和货币购买力下降的速度。它通过消费者价格指数(CPI)等指标来衡量。高通胀意味着钱买得更少。相反的是'通货紧缩'。'通胀率'在经济和政治新闻中经常被讨论。
La inflación es un término económico que describe la tasa a la que suben los precios y disminuye el poder adquisitivo del dinero. Se mide mediante índices como el Índice de Precios al Consumidor (IPC). Una inflación alta significa que el dinero compra menos. Lo opuesto es la «deflación». La «tasa de inflación» se discute frecuentemente en las noticias económicas y políticas.
インフレーションは、物価が上昇し、貨幣の購買力が低下する率を表す経済用語です。消費者物価指数(CPI)などの指標で測定されます。高インフレは、お金で買えるものが少なくなることを意味します。反対は「デフレーション」です。「インフレ率」は経済や政治のニュースで頻繁に議論されます。
인플레이션은 물가가 상승하고 화폐의 구매력이 하락하는 비율을 나타내는 경제 용어입니다. 소비자물가지수(CPI)와 같은 지표로 측정됩니다. 높은 인플레이션은 같은 돈으로 살 수 있는 것이 줄어든다는 것을 의미합니다. 반대 개념은 '디플레이션(deflation)'입니다. '인플레이션율(inflation rate)'은 경제 및 정치 뉴스에서 자주 논의되는 주제입니다.

Examples

  1. Inflation has risen to its highest level in ten years.
    通货膨胀已上升到十年来的最高水平。
    La inflación ha subido a su nivel más alto en diez años.
    インフレ率は10年間で最高水準に上昇しました。
    인플레이션이 10년 만에 최고 수준으로 상승했습니다.
  2. The central bank raised interest rates to combat inflation.
    央行提高利率以对抗通胀。
    El banco central subió las tasas de interés para combatir la inflación.
    中央銀行はインフレ対策として金利を引き上げました。
    중앙은행은 인플레이션에 대응하기 위해 금리를 인상했습니다.
  3. Wages haven't kept pace with inflation.
    工资跟不上通货膨胀的速度。
    Los salarios no han seguido el ritmo de la inflación.
    賃金はインフレに追いついていません。
    임금이 인플레이션을 따라잡지 못하고 있습니다.

Pronunciation

Usage Guide

Context: general

Tone: neutral

Origin & History

From Latin 'inflationem' meaning 'a puffing up', from 'inflare' (to blow into, puff up), from 'in-' (into) + 'flare' (to blow). The economic sense of 'increase in prices' appeared in the 1830s during debates about paper money.

Cultural Context

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

Story & Trivia

From Latin 'inflare' meaning 'to blow into.' Originally referred to physically blowing up or expanding something. The economic meaning developed as prices metaphorically 'inflate' or expand beyond their normal levels.

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