thermodynamics
Meaning: The branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat, energy, work, and temperature, and how these affect the properties of matter.
Thermodynamics is governed by four fundamental laws that describe how energy behaves in physical systems. The first law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. The second law introduces the concept of entropy, stating that disorder in a closed system tends to increase. These principles underpin engineering, chemistry, and our understanding of the universe.
Examples
- The laws of thermodynamics dictate that no engine can be one hundred per cent efficient. 热力学定律规定没有引擎能达到百分之百的效率。Las leyes de la termodinámica dictan que ningún motor puede ser cien por cien eficiente.熱力学の法則により、100パーセント効率のエンジンは存在し得ないとされている。열역학 법칙에 따르면 100퍼센트 효율의 엔진은 존재할 수 없다.
- She studied thermodynamics as part of her mechanical engineering course at Edinburgh. 她在爱丁堡大学的机械工程课程中学习了热力学。Ella estudió termodinámica como parte de su carrera de ingeniería mecánica en Edimburgo.彼女はエディンバラ大学の機械工学課程の一環として熱力学を学んだ。그녀는 에든버러 대학의 기계공학 과정의 일환으로 열역학을 공부했다.
- Understanding thermodynamics is essential for designing effective cooling systems in data centres. 理解热力学对于设计有效的数据中心冷却系统至关重要。Comprender la termodinámica es esencial para diseñar sistemas de refrigeración eficaces en los centros de datos.データセンターの効果的な冷却システムを設計するには、熱力学の理解が不可欠である。데이터 센터의 효과적인 냉각 시스템을 설계하려면 열역학에 대한 이해가 필수적이다.
Pronunciation
Usage Guide
Context: academic, professional
Tone: neutral
Origin & History
From Greek therme (heat) and dynamikos (powerful, relating to force). The term was coined by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) in 1854.
Cultural Context
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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