neurogenesis
Meaning: The process by which new neurones are generated in the brain. Once thought impossible in adults, it is now known to occur in specific brain regions throughout life.
Adult neurogenesis has been demonstrated primarily in the hippocampus and the subventricular zone. It is of intense research interest because of its implications for learning, memory, and the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Factors such as exercise, environmental enrichment, and certain drugs can enhance neurogenesis, while chronic stress and ageing tend to suppress it.
Examples
- Exercise has been shown to stimulate neurogenesis in the hippocampus, potentially improving memory. 研究表明,运动可以刺激海马体中的神经发生,从而可能改善记忆力。Se ha demostrado que el ejercicio estimula la neurogénesis en el hipocampo, lo que podría mejorar la memoria.運動は海馬における神経新生を刺激し、記憶力を改善する可能性があることが示されている。운동은 해마에서의 신경발생을 자극하여 기억력을 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.
- The discovery of adult neurogenesis overturned the long-held dogma that the brain cannot produce new nerve cells. 成人神经发生的发现推翻了大脑无法产生新神经细胞这一长期以来的定论。El descubrimiento de la neurogénesis adulta derribó el dogma largo tiempo sostenido de que el cerebro no puede producir nuevas células nerviosas.成人の神経新生の発見は、脳が新しい神経細胞を生み出すことはできないという長年の定説を覆した。성인 신경발생의 발견은 뇌가 새로운 신경세포를 만들 수 없다는 오랜 정설을 뒤집었다.
- Researchers are investigating whether promoting neurogenesis could help patients recover from traumatic brain injury. 研究人员正在探索促进神经发生是否能帮助患者从创伤性脑损伤中恢复。Los investigadores estudian si fomentar la neurogénesis podría ayudar a los pacientes a recuperarse de una lesión cerebral traumática.研究者たちは、神経新生を促進することが外傷性脳損傷からの回復に役立つかどうかを調査している。연구자들은 신경발생을 촉진하는 것이 외상성 뇌손상 환자의 회복에 도움이 될 수 있는지 조사하고 있다.
Pronunciation
Usage Guide
Context: medical, academic
Tone: neutral
Origin & History
From Greek neuron meaning 'nerve' and genesis meaning 'origin.' The concept gained prominence in the late 20th century when new techniques confirmed the birth of neurones in the adult mammalian brain.
Cultural Context
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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