cirrhosis
Meaning: A chronic liver disease characterised by the replacement of normal liver tissue with scar tissue, leading to progressive loss of liver function. It is most commonly caused by alcohol misuse or chronic viral hepatitis.
Cirrhosis develops over years as repeated injury triggers fibrosis that eventually distorts the liver's architecture. Complications include portal hypertension, ascites, jaundice, and an increased risk of liver cancer. The condition is irreversible once established, though removing the underlying cause can slow its progression. Liver transplantation remains the definitive treatment for end-stage cirrhosis.
Examples
- Years of heavy drinking had caused cirrhosis, and his consultant warned that further alcohol would be fatal. 多年的大量饮酒导致了肝硬化,他的主治医生警告再继续饮酒将是致命的。Años de consumo excesivo de alcohol habían provocado cirrosis, y su especialista le advirtió de que seguir bebiendo sería mortal.長年にわたる大量飲酒が肝硬変を引き起こし、担当医はこれ以上の飲酒は命に関わると警告した。수년간의 과음이 간경변을 일으켰고, 담당 의사는 추가적인 음주가 치명적일 것이라고 경고했다.
- The patient presented with jaundice and ascites, both classic signs of advanced cirrhosis. 该患者出现黄疸和腹水,这些都是晚期肝硬化的典型症状。El paciente presentó ictericia y ascitis, ambos signos clásicos de cirrosis avanzada.その患者は黄疸と腹水を呈しており、いずれも進行した肝硬変の典型的な兆候であった。환자는 황달과 복수를 보였으며, 이 둘 다 진행된 간경변의 전형적인 징후였다.
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is now the fastest-growing cause of cirrhosis in developed countries. 非酒精性脂肪肝目前是发达国家中增长最快的肝硬化病因。La enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico es actualmente la causa de cirrosis de más rápido crecimiento en los países desarrollados.非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患は現在、先進国における肝硬変の原因として最も急速に増加している。비알코올성 지방간 질환은 현재 선진국에서 간경변의 원인으로 가장 빠르게 증가하고 있다.
Pronunciation
Usage Guide
Context: medical, academic
Tone: neutral
Origin & History
From Greek kirrhos meaning 'tawny' or 'orange-yellow,' referring to the discoloured appearance of the diseased liver. The term was coined by the French physician Rene Laennec in 1819.
Cultural Context
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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